Temple Emanu-El - New York City
 
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Congregation Emanu-El
(Reform Judaism)

1 East 65th Street at Fifth Avenue
New York, N.Y. 10021
http://www.emanuelnyc.org/


Sanctuary

Organ Specifications:
Fifth Avenue at 65th Street (since 1929):
► IV/135 Sebastian M. Glück, Op. 7 (2002)
► IV/119 Austin Organs, Inc. (1956)
► IV/108 Casavant Frères, Op. 1322 (1929)
Fifth Avenue at 43rd Street (1868-1929):
► IV/71 J.H & C.S. Odell, Op. 386 (1901)
► IV/82 Hall, Labagh & Co. (1868-69)
120 East 12th Street (1854-1868):
► III/43 Henry Erben (1858)
• Henry Erben (1848)

See also the organs in the Chapel and Auditorium.
               
The history of Temple Emanu-El (Hebrew for "God is with us") is a reflection of the Jewish historical experience in America. Though the first Jews to arrive in the New World came as early as 1654, their numbers reached significance only at the midpoint of the nineteenth century. It was during this time that Emanu-El was founded.

Congregation Emanu-El at 56 Chrystie Street (1847-1854) - New York City  
56 Chrystie Street (1847-54)
  
Thirty-three immigrants from Germany, part of a wave of Western European Jews who came to these shores to escape the rigid conservatism of post-Napoleonic Europe, established the Temple in 1845. Consequently, Emanu-El's first place of worship was a rented room on the second floor of a private dwelling at the corner of Grand and Clinton Streets on the Lower East Side. Soon, however, the space became inadequate, and in 1848 Emanu-El moved to Chrystie Street, a few blocks west of its original location. A former Methodist church was purchased and transformed into a Jewish house of prayer and meeting place.

  Congregation Emanu-El at East Twelfth Street (1854-1866) - New York City
 
East Twelfth Street (1854-66)
In its first years, Emanu-El grew steadily if not dramatically, and the members remained modest of means. Yet there was sufficient development to warrant another relocation in 1854, this time a little to the north, the Jewish community having begun to move uptown along with the general population. The Congregation acquired a structure at Twelfth Street near Fourth Avenue, which had once housed the Twelfth Street Baptist Church, and refurbished it as a synagogue.

Congregation Emanu-El, soon to be known throughout the city as "The Temple," began as a very conservative synagogue. The traditional prayer book was retained with only minor deviations. Men sat in the front rows of the small rented synagogue quarters, women in a section behind them. The wearing of hats and the use of prayer shawls continued. The dietary laws, as well, seem to have been observed. The only significant innovation was the introduction of a choir. Extreme reformist tendencies were not at play in the foundation of Emanu-El. It would appear that the principal purpose of the new congregation was to bring about the creation of an orderly and decorous worship service. Vocal music, but not instrumental, was instituted to beautify the prayer setting. Quiet and order were insisted upon. To give those who understood no Hebrew some part in the Service, a German hymnal was introduced. The sermon, which soon became an important and integral part of the weekly Sabbath Service, was used to educate the laity in the tenets of Judaism.

Congregation Emanu-El at Fifth Avenue and 43rd Street (1868-1929) - New York City  
Fifth Avenue at 43rd Street
  
In 1868, three years after the conclusion of the Civil War and twenty-three years following the organizing meeting of the Congregation, the members of Emanu-El were at last in a position to erect a sanctuary of their own, at the corner of Fifth Avenue and 43rd Street, where they would remain for the next fifty-nine years. An imposing building in Moorish style was designed by Leopold Eidlitz and Henry Fernbach. The dedication of the new Temple Emanu-El reflected the substantial economic and financial achievements of New York City's German Jews. Journalists from the city's newspapers took note of the dedication and their reporting reflected admiration. On September 10, 1868, The New York Times announced the next day's event in the following manner: "The latest architectural sensation of this city is the splendid Jewish Temple Emanuel..." A leading New York City German language newspaper said of the Temple in describing the dedication: "The congregation counts the most prominent Jews of New York among its members. Their contributions to the new building, which cost over $650,000, were truly generous." The New York Daily Tribune reported, "This is beyond doubt the most elegant Jewish house of worship in America, and is among the largest religious edifices in the city."

  Temple Beth-El - New York City (Photo: New York City Architecture Images)
 

Temple Beth-El
In the late 1920s there were two further major events in the history of Emanu-El. One was the consolidation with the influential Reform congregation Beth-El, located at Fifth Avenue and Seventy-sixth Street. Beth-El claimed among its spiritual leaders Dr. David Einhorn, one of the architects of nineteenth-century Reform Jewish thought, and Dr. Kaufmann Kohler, who left the pulpit in 1903 to become president of Hebrew Union College in Cincinnati. The second watershed was the move from Fifth Avenue and Forty-third Street, the surroundings having undergone a transformation from a residential to a commercial area. The structural deficiencies of the building itself also made relocation necessary.

Bima of Temple Emanu-El - New York City  
Property was purchased at Fifth Avenue and Sixty-fifth Street, formerly the site of the John Jacob Astor mansion, and construction began in 1927 on the magnificent new temple which faces Central Park. Designed by architects Robert D. Kohn, Charles Butler, and Clarence Stein, the building is in the Romanesque style of the south of Italy with Moorish influences. The 2,500-seat main sanctuary is 77 feet wide, 147 feet long and 103 feet high, making it the largest Jewish house of worship in the world.

  Temple Emanu-El - New York City (New York Landmarks Conservancy)
The interior is noted for its absence of interior supporting pillars, and has walls decorated with vertical strips of glazed tile. At the east end of the sanctuary is the bima, containing the pulpits for the rabbi and cantor, and the ark, which is depicted as an open Torah scroll. The choir gallery and organ are above the ark, concealed behind columns and screens. Adjacent to the sanctuary is Beth El Chapel, containing a Tiffany window brought from the old Beth El synagogue. In September 1929, the first religious service was conducted in the new sanctuary, just weeks before the stock market crashed.
               
 

Glück Console - Temple Emanu-El - New York City
Sebastian M. Glück
New York City – Opus 7 (2002)
Electro-pneumatic key action
Solid State combination action
4 manuals, 113 registers, 99 stops, 135 ranks








The organ in the Sanctuary was originally built in 1929 by Casavant Frères of Canada. After 70 years of service, steam and water damage required that the organ be rebuilt. Sebastian Glück of New York City completely reworked the organ in Symphonic Style, retaining historic 1929 pipework and adding new ranks of pipes. Glück also provided a new four-manual drawknob console. This work was completed in 2002.
               
Great Organ (Manual II) – 61 notes
16
   Double Open Diapason *
61
2 2/3
   Twelfth *
61
16
   Bourdon *
61
2
   Fifteenth *
61
8
   First Open Diapason *
61
     Cornet V ranks (c25-c56)
155
8
   Second Open Diapason *
61
 
   Mixture Major V-VII ranks
365
8
   Third Open Diapason *
61
     Sharp Mixture IV ranks
244
8
   Open Flute *
61
16
   Double Trumpet
61
8
   Chimney Flute *
61
8
   Trumpet
61
8
   Gemshorn *
61
4
   Clarion
61
4
   Principal *
61
    
Chimes (in Echo)
21 tubes
4
   Octave *
61
 
   Celesta
CH
4
   Harmonic Flute *
61
     Great Silent  
               
Swell Organ (Manual III) – 61 notes, enclosed
16
   Bourdon Doux *
73
     Sesquialtera I-II ranks
110
8
   Open Diapason *
73
     Clear Mixture III ranks
183
8
   Stopped Diapason *
73
 
   Full Mixture III-IV ranks
220
8
   Flûte Harmonique
73
16
   Bombarde Harmonique
73
8
   Viole de Gambe *
73
8
   Trompette Harmonique
73
8
   Voix Céleste
73
8
   Hautbois *
73
8
   Æoline *
73
8
   Voix Humaine *
73
8
   Flûte Conique *
73
4
   Clairon Harmonique
73
8
   Flûte Celeste *
73
     Tremulant  
4
   Principal *
73
     Swell to Swell 16'  
4
   Flauto Traverso
73
 
   Swell Silent  
4
   Violina *
73
     Swell to Swell 4'  
2
   Piccolo *
61
        
               
Choir Organ (Manual I) – 61 notes, enclosed
16
   Gemshorn
73
1 3/5
   Tierce
61
8
   Open Diapason
73
     Mixture III ranks
219
8
   Melodia
73
16
   Bassoon
73
8
   Gamba
73
8
   Trumpet
73
8
   Gamba Céleste
73
8
   Clarinet
73
8
   Dolce
73
4
   Clarion
73
8
   Dolce Céleste
73
     Tremulant  
4
   Principal
73
 
  
Celesta (Deagan) *
61 bars
4
   Chimney Flute
73
 
   Choir to Choir 16'
2 2/3
   Nazard
61
 
   Choir Silent  
2
   Recorder
61
     Choir to Choir 4'  
               
Solo Organ (Manual IV) – 61 notes, enclosed
8
   Stentorphone *
73
8
   French Horn *
73
8
   Major Open Flute *
73
8
   English Horn * [free reeds]
73
8
   Violoncello *
73
8
   Orchestral Oboe *
73
4
   Fugara *
73
4
   Clairon Harmonique
73
 
   Grand Chorus V ranks
305
     Chimes
GT
 
   Harmonics V ranks *
365
 
   Celesta
CH
    Tremulant       Solo to Solo 16'  
16
   Bombarde Harmonique
73
 
   Solo Silent  
8
   Trompette Harmonique
73
     Solo to Solo 4'  
               
String Ensemble (floating) – 61 notes, enclosed
16
   Contra Gamba *
73
     Tremulant  
8
   Grand Gamba *
73
     String to String 16'  
8
   Grand Gamba Céleste *
73
     String to String 4'  
8
   First Violin *
73
 
   String Organ on Pedal  
8
   Second Violin * (sharp)
73
     String Organ on Choir  
8
   Third Violin * (flat)
73
     String Organ on Great  
4
   Viola *
73
     String Organ on Swell  
4
   Viola Céleste *
73
     String Organ on Solo  
    Cornet des Violes V ranks *
365
        
               
Tuba Organ (floating) – 61 notes
4
   Tuning Reference
12
8
   Chazozerot
61
16
   Chazozerot (TC)
—
4
   Chazozerot (fr. 8')
—
               
Echo Organ (floating) – 61 notes, enclosed
8
   Open Diapason *
73
8
  
Shofar *
73
8
   Cor de Nuit *
73
8
   Musette *
73
8
   Viole Ætheria *
73
     Tremulant  
8
   Vox Mystica *
73
     Echo to Echo 4'  
4
   Spire Flute *
73
        
               
Pedal Organ – 32 notes
32
   Grand Open Bass *
56
4
   Fifteenth
32
16
   Open Diapason Wood * (ext)
—
4
   Flute * (fr. 1st Bdn.)
—
16
   Open Diapason Metal *
GT
     Mixture IV ranks
128
16
   Violone *
44
32
   Contra Trombone *
44
16
   Dulciana *
32
16
   Trombone * (fr. 32')
—
16
   Gemshorn *
CH
16
   Bassoon
CH
16
   First Bourdon *
56
8
   Trumpet
32
16
   Second Bourdon *
GT
4
   Clarion
32
16
   Bourdon Doux *
SW
        
10 2/3
   Quint *
32
     Echo Pedal  
8
   Principal
32
16
   Sub Bass *
44
8
   Open Flute * (fr. Gd.Op.Wd.)
—
8
   Principal
32
8
   Violoncello * (fr. Violone)
—
8
   Stopped Flute * (fr. 16')
—
8
   Stopped Flute * (fr. 1st Bdn.)
—
        
 
* original 1929 pipework
Couplers
    Great to Pedal 8'   Great to Choir 8'
    Swell to Pedal 8', 4'   Swell to Choir 16', 8', 4'
    Choir to Pedal 8', 4'   Solo to Choir 8'
    Solo to Pedal 8'   Echo on Choir
    Echo on Pedal   Tuba on Choir
    Tuba on Pedal   Choir to Swel 16', 8', 4'
    Swell to Great 16', 8', 4'   Great to Solo 8'
    Choir to Great 16', 8', 4'   Echo on Solo
    Solo to Great 16', 8', 4'   Tuba on Solo
    Echo on Great    
    Tuba on Great    
               
Adjustable Combinations
   
Solo Organ Pistons 1-2-3-4-5-6 (thumb)
Swell Organ Pistons 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8 (thumb)
Great Organ Pistons 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8 (thumb)
Choir Organ Pistons 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8 (thumb)
Pedal Organ Pistons 1-2-3-4-5-6 (toe)
General Pistons I-II-III-IV-V-VI-VII-VIII-IX-X-XI-XII (thumb & toe)
  General Cancel (thumb)
  Set (thumb)
  Restore (thumb)
               
Reversibles
    Great to Pedal (thumb & toe)   Programmable A (thumb & toe)
    Swell to Pedal (thumb & toe)   Programmable B (thumb)
    Choir to Pedal (thumb & toe)   Tutti I (thumb & toe)
    Solo to Pedal (thumb)   Tutti II (thumb & toe)
    Swell to Great (thumb)   32' Grand Open Bass (toe)
    Choir to Great (thumb)   32' Contra Trombone (toe)
    Swell to Choir (thumb & toe)    
               
Balanced Pedals (with LED indicators under coupler rail)
    Echo Organ   Swell Organ
    Orchestral String Ensemble   Solo Organ
    Choir Organ   Crescendo (3 settings)
         
Controls
    Celesta Dampers Off (coupler rail)    
    Great – Choir Transfer (coupler rail)    
               
Austin Organs, Inc.
Hartford, Conn. (1956)
Electro-pneumatic action
4 manuals, 103 registers, 91 stops, 119 ranks




In 1956, the Austin Organ Company — under the direction of Richard Piper and in collaboration with Dr. Robert Baker, temple organist — undertook a complete rebuilding of the original 1929 Casavant Frères organ, including the console. All diapason choruses were revoiced and new chorus reeds were provided throughout. The Choir division was replaced with new pipework designed to provide the best results in accompanying the choir, heard from behind the pillars above the Bima. A new console, also by Austin, was installed in 1985 but was later damaged by fire.
               
Great Organ (Manual II) – 61 notes
16
   Open Diapason
61
2
   Fifteenth
61
16
   Bourdon
61
  Mixture V ranks
305
8
   Open Diapason I
61
  Cymbel III ranks
183
8
   Open Diapason II
61
16
   Contra Posaune
61
8
   Open Diapason III
61
8
   Posaune
61
8
   Rohrflöte
61
4
   Clarion
61
8
   Gemshorn
61
  Chimes
EC
4
   Octave
61
8
   Harp
CH
4
   Principal
61
4
   Celesta
CH
4
   Flute Harmonic
61
 
   Great to Great 16'  
2 2/3
   Twelfth
61
  Great to Great 4'  

     

     
Swell Organ (Manual III) – 61 notes, enclosed
16
   Echo Bourdon
73
     Cornet V ranks
305
8
   Open Diapason
73
16
   Contra Fagotto
73
8
   Gedeckt
73
8
   French Trumpet
73
8
   Quintadena
73
8
   Oboe
73
8
   Viola de Gamba
73
8
   Vox Humana
73
8
   Voix Celeste
73
4
   Clarion
73
8
   Aeoline
73
     Tremulant  
8
   Flute Conique
73
     Chimes
EC
8
   Flute Celeste
73
     Harp
CH
4
   Principal
73
     Celesta
CH
4
   Violina
73
     Swell to Swell 16'  
4
   Flauto Traverso
73
     Swell Unison Off  
2
   Flautino
61
     Swell to Swell 4'  
    Mixture IV ranks
244
        

     

     
Choir Organ (Manual I) – 61 notes, enclosed
16
   Contra Salicional
73
     Mixture III ranks
183
8
   Diapason
73
16
   Contra Hautbois
73
8
   Concert Flute
73
8
   Trumpet
73
8
   Rohrflöte
73
8
   Clarinet
73
8
   Quintadena
73
4
   Clarion
73
8
   Dulciana
73
     Tremulant  
8
   Unda Maris
73
     Chimes
EC
4
   Flute d'Amour
73
8
  
Harp
CH
4
   Prestant
73
4
  
Celesta
61 bars
2 2/3
   Nazard
61
 
   Choir to Choir 16'  
2
   Flageolet
61
     Choir Unison Off  
1 3/5
   Tierce
61
     Choir to Choir 4'  

     

     
Solo Organ (Manual IV) – 61 notes, enclosed
8
   Stentorphone
73
16
   Contra Bombarde
73
8
   Gross Flöte
73
8
   Bombarde
73
8
   Cello
73
4
   Clarion
73
4
   Fugara
73
     Tremulant  
 
   Grand Mixture V ranks
305
     Chimes
EC
    Harmonics V ranks
305
 
   Solo to Solo 16'  
8
   French Horn
73
 
   Solo Unison Off  
8
   English Horn
73
     Solo to Solo 4'  
8
   Orchestral Oboe
73
        

     

     
String Organ (floating) – 61 notes, enclosed (15" pressure)
16
   Contra Gamba
73
4
   Viola Céleste
73
8
   Gross Gamba
73
     Cornet de Violes V ranks
305
8
   Gross Gamba Céleste
73
     Tremulant  
8
   Viole d'Orchestre
73
 
   String to String 16'  
8
   Viole Céleste II ranks
146
     String Unison Off  
4
   Viole d'Orchestre
73
     String to String 4'  
               
Chazozoroth –73 notes (operating through String Organ couplers)
8
   Chazozoroth [25" w.p.]
73
        
               
Echo Organ (Manual I or II) – 61 notes, enclosed
  Echo Pedal Organ
8
   Diapason
73
16
   Bourdon
44
8
   Cor de Nuit
73
8
   Stopped Flute (fr. 16')
—
8
   Muted Viol
73
        
8
   Vox Angelica
73
        
4
   Fernflöte
73
        
8
   Shofar
73
        
8
   Musette
73
        
   
Chimes
25 tubes
       
    Tremulant          
               
Pedal Organ – 32 notes
32
   Open Diapason
68
8
   Octave (fr. 32' OD)
—
16
   Open Diapason (wood) (ext)
—
8
   Bourdon (fr. 1st Bdn.)
—
16
   Open Diapason (metal)
GT
8
   Violone (fr. 16')
—
16
   Bourdon 1
44
4
   Fifteenth (fr. 32' OD)
—
16
   Bourdon 2
GT
32
   Contra Trombone
44
16
   Violone
44
16
   Trombone (fr. 32')
—
16
   Contra Gemshorn
CH
16
   Contra Hautbois
CH
16
   Dulciana
32
8
   Trumpet
32
16
   Echo Bourdon
SW
4
   Clarion
32
10 2/3
   Quint
32
     Chimes
EC
               
Couplers
    Great to Pedal 8', 4'   Echo to Great 16', 8', 4'
    Swell to Pedal 8', 4'   Choir to Swell 8'
    Choir to Pedal 8', 4'   Solo to Swell 8'
    Solo to Pedal 8', 4'   String to Swell 8'
    String to Pedal 8'   Swell to Choir 16', 8', 4'
    Echo to Pedal 8'   Solo to Choir 16', 8', 4'
    Swell to Great 16', 8', 4'   String to Choir 8', 4'
    Choir to Great 16', 8', 4'   Echo to Choir 16', 8', 4'
    Solo to Great 16', 8', 4'   Great to Solo 8'
    String to Great 8'   String to Solo 8'
               
Adjustable Combinations
   
Solo Organ Pistons 1-2-3-4-5 (thumb)
Swell Organ Pistons 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8 (thumb)
Great Organ Pistons 1-2-3-4-5-6-7 (thumb)
Choir Organ Pistons 1-2-3-4-5-6-7 (thumb)
String Organ Pistons 1-2-3-4-5 (thumb)
Echo Organ Pistons 1-2-3 (thumb)
Pedal Organ Pistons 1-2-3-4-5-6-7 (toe)
Couplers Pistons 1-2-3-4-5 (thumb)
General Pistons 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12 (thumb & toe)
               
Reversibles
    Great to Pedal   String to Pedal
    Swell to Pedal   Swell to Great
    Choir to Pedal   Solo to Great
    Solo to Pedal   Tutti
               
Cancels
    32' stops   Manual 2' stops
    Manual 16' stops   General
               
Onoroffs
    Echo–Great   Harp Dampers
    Echo–Choir   Pistons to Pedal
    Harp–Choir    
               
Expression
    Balanced Swell Pedal   Balanced String Pedal
    Balanced Choir Pedal   Balanced Echo Pedal
    Balanced Solo Pedal   Register Crescendo Pedal
               
  Console of Casavant Frères Organ, Op. 1322 (1929) in Temple Emanu-El - New York City (Booklet of 1935 American Guild of Organist Convention - NYC)
  1929 Casavant Frères Console
Casavant Frères, Ltée
St. Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada – Opus 1322 (1929)
Electro-pneumatic action
4 manuals, 102 stops, 108 ranks




The original organ in the present sanctuary was installed in 1929 by Casavant Frères as a memorial from the Daniel Guggenheim family. Most of the organ was installed both behind and above the ornamental grillwork above the pillars, extending upward to the the sixth floor level of the Community House. The Choir division was located in a chamber immediately behind the pillars to the left, and the Echo division was to the south of the rose window at the west end of the sanctuary.
               
Great Organ (Manual II) – 61 notes
16
   Double Open Diapason (a)
73
2 2/3
   Twelfth (g)
61
16
   Bourdon (a)
73
2
   Fifteenth (g)
61
8
   Open Diapason I (a)
73
     Mixture V ranks (a)
365
8
   Open Diapason II (a)
73
16
   Contra Posaune * (a)
73
8
   Open Diapason III (g)
61
8
   Posaune * (a)
73
8
   Hohl Flute (a)
73
4
   Clarion * (a)
73
8
   Rohr Flute (g)
61
     Chimes
EC
8
   Gemshorn (g)
61
     Celesta
CH
4
   Octave (g)
61
     Harp
CH
4
   Principal (a)
73
 
  
(a) = affected by Great 4' coupler
4
   Flute harmonique (a)
73
    
(g) = affected by Great 16' coupler

     

     
Swell Organ (Manual III) – 61 notes, enclosed
16
   Bourdon
73
2
   Flautino
61
8
   Open Diapason
73
     Cornet V ranks
365
8
   Harmonic Flute
73
16
   Double Trumpet *
73
8
   Gedeckt
73
8
   Cornopean *
73
8
   Viola da Gamba
73
8
   French Trumpet *
73
8
   Viole Céleste
73
8
   Oboe
73
8
   Flûte Conique
73
8
   Vox Humana
73
8
   Flûte Céleste
73
4
   Clarion *
73
8
   Æoline
73
     Tremulant  
4
   Principal
73
     Chimes
EC
4
   Flauto Traverso
73
     Celesta
CH
4
   Violina
73
     Harp
CH

     

     
Choir Organ (Manual I) – 61 notes, enclosed
16
   Contra Salicional
73
1 3/5
   Tierce
61
8
   Diapason
73
     Mixture III ranks
219
8
   Concert Flute
73
16
   Contra Fagotto
73
8
   Rohr Flöte
73
8
   Trumpet
73
8
   Quintadena
73
8
   Clarinet
73
8
   Dulciana
73
4
   Clarion
73
8
   Unda Maris
73
     Tremulant  
4
   Flute d'Amour
73
    
Celesta
61 bars
4
   Prestant
73
 
   Harp [Celesta Sub]
—
2 2/3
   Nazard
73
 
   Chimes
EC
2
   Flageolet
61
        

     

     
Solo Organ Manual IV) – 61 notes, enclosed
8
   Stentorphone
73
8
   French Horn +
73
8
   Gross Flöte [open basses]
73
8
   English Horn +
73
8
   Violoncello
73
8
   Orchestral Oboe +
73
4
   Fugara
73
4
   Tuba Clarion +
73
 
   Harmonics V ranks
365
     Tremulant  
16
   Tuba Magna +
73
8
   Tuba Mirabilis [25", unenc.]
73
8
   Tuba Major +
73
 
   Chimes
EC
           
+ 15" wind pressure

     

     
String Organ (floating) – 61 notes, enclosed (15" pressure)
16
   Contra Gamba
73
4
   Viola
73
8
   Gross Gamba
73
4
   Viola Céleste
73
8
   Gross Gamba Céleste
73
     Cornet de Violes V ranks
365
8
   Viole d'Orchestre
73
 
   Tremulant  
8
   Viole Céleste II ranks
146
        

     

     
Echo Organ (floating) – 61 notes, enclosed
8
   Echo Diapason
73
     Echo Pedal Organ  
8
   Cor-de-Nuit
73
16
   Bourdon
44
8
   Muted Viol
73
8
   Stopped Flute (fr. 16')
—
8
   Vox Angelica
73
        
4
   Fern Flute
73
        
8
   Trumpet [soft]
73
        
8
   Musette
73
        
   
Chimes
25 tubes
       
    Tremulant          
               
Pedal Organ – 32 notes
32
   Open Diapason
68
8
   Octave (fr. 32' OD)
—
16
   Open Diapason (wood)
—
8
   Stopped Flute (fr. 16' Bdn.)
—
16
   Open Diapason (metal)
GT
8
   Cello (fr. 16' Violone)
—
16
   Bourdon No. 1
44
4
   Fifteenth (fr. 32' OD)
—
16
   Bourdon No. 2
GT
32
   Contra Trombone *
44
16
   Violone
44
16
   Trombone * (fr. 32')
—
16
   Salicional
CH
16
   Fagotto
CH
16
   Dulciana
32
8
   Trumpet *
32
16
   Echo Bourdon
SW
4
   Clarion *
32
10 2/3
   Quint
32
     Chimes
EC
           
* stops on heavier wind
Couplers
    Choir to Pedal 8', 4'   Solo to Great 16', 8', 4'
    Great to Pedal 8', 4'   String to Great 8'
    Swell to Pedal 8', 4'   Echo to Great 8', 4'
    Solo to Pedal 8', 4'   Echo on Great Off
    String to Pedal 8'   Great to Great 16' (g), 4' (a)
    Echo to Pedal 8'   Solo to Swell 8'
    Swell to Choir 16', 8', 4'   String to Swell 8'
    Solo to Choir 16', 8', 4'   Swell to Swell 16', 4'
    String to Choir 8'   Great to Solo 8'
    Echo to Choir 8', 4'   String to Solo 8'
    Choir to Great 16', 8', 4'   Solo to Solo 16', 4'
    Swell to Great 16', 8', 4'   String to String 16', 4'
             
On & Off Pedal Combinations to Manual Pistons
    Choir & Pedal   Solo & Pedal
    Great & Pedal   String & Pedal
    Swell & Pedal    
             
Combination Pistons
   
Pedal Organ Pistons 1-2-3-4-5-6-7 (thumb)
Choir Organ Pistons 1-2-3-4-5-6-7 (thumb)
Great Organ Pistons 1-2-3-4-5-6-7 (thumb)
Swell Organ Pistons 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8 (thumb)
Solo Organ Pistons 1-2-3-4-5 (thumb)
String Organ Pistons 1-2-3-4-5 (thumb)
Echo Organ Pistons 1-2-3 (thumb)
Couplers Pistons 1-2-3-4-5 (thumb)
Entire Organ Pistons 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8 (thumb) (1-4 dup. by foot)
             
Reversible Pistons
    Choir to Pedal (thumb)   Solo to Great (thumb)
    Great to Pedal (thumb)   Swell to Great (thumb)
    Swell to Pedal (thumb & foot)   Full Organ (foot)
    Solo to Pedal (thumb)   Mezzo Forte (foot)
    String to Pedal (thumb)   Harp Damper pedal
             
Releases (in key frames)
    General   Manual 16 ft. stops
    32 ft. stops   2 ft. stops
             
Balanced Pedals
   
No. 1
Interchangeable Control of Swell Boxes
Switch for coupling all expression motors to any chosen pedal:
ACTING ON:
Choir — Swell — Solo — String — Echo
One special control to connect at once all expression motors to any swell shoe. (This last control will, of course, annul the action of the other controls.)
No. 2
No. 3
No. 4
Crescendo
 
 
             
Indicators
    Crescendo   Full Organ
    Wind (Main)   Mezzo Forte
    Wind (Echo)   Voltmeter
               
Organ in temple on Fifth Avenue at 43rd Street:
  Odell Organ (Op. 386, 1901) - Temple Emanu-El - New York City (Odell Company Catalog)   Echo facade of Odell Organ (Op. 386, 1901) - Temple Emanu-El - New York City (Odell Company Catalog)
  Main Organ   Echo Organ
J.H. & C.S. Odell & Co.
New York City – Op. 386 (1901)
Pneumatic key and stop action
Electric action for Echo organ
4 manuals, 65 stops, 71 ranks












In 1901, a new organ was built by J.H. & C.S. Odell & Co. of New York City. The Odells employed their patented tubular-pneumatic action in the Grand Organ, located in the rear gallery, and used electric action to control the Echo organ at the opposite end of the sanctuary. The original gallery case was retained but its five openings were filled in with display pipes.
               
Great Organ (Manual II) – 61 notes
16
   Double Open Diapason
61
4
   Flute Harmonique
61
8
   First Open Diapason
61
4
   Principal
61
8
   Second Open Diapason
61
2 2/3
   Twelfth
61
8
   Violin Open Diapason
61
2
   Fifteenth
61
8
   Gamba
61
     Mixture, 4 ranks
244
8
   Doppel Flote
61
16
   Double Trumpet
61
8
   Melodia
61
8
   Trumpet
61

     

     
Swell Organ (Manual III) – 61 notes, enclosed
16
   Bourdon
61
4
   Rohr Flote
61
8
   Open Diapason
61
4
   Octave
61
8
   Geigen Principal
61
2
   Flageolet
61
8
   Salicional
61
     Dolce Cornet, 4 ranks
244
8
   Æoline
61
16
   Contra Fagotto
61
8
   Vox Celestis
61
8
   Cornopean
61
8
   Stopped Diapason
61
8
   Oboe
61
8
   Concert Flute
61
8
   Vox Humana
61

     

     
Choir Organ (Manual I) – 61 notes, enclosed
16
   Bell Gamba *
61
8
   Quintadena
61
8
   Open Diapason
61
4
   Forest Flute
61
8
   Violin Diapason
61
2
   Piccolo Harmonique
61
8
   Dulciana
61
8
   Saxophone
61
8
   Viole d'Orchestre
61
8
   Orchestral Clarinet
61
8
   Concert Flute
61
        

     

     
Solo Organ (Manual IV) – 61 notes "(Voiced on Extra Heavy Wind Pressure)"
8
   Stentorphone
61
4
   Wald Flote
61
8
   Gross Flute
61
8
   Tuba Mirabilis
61
8
   Violoncello
61
        

     

     
Echo Organ (Manual I) – 61 notes, enclosed
16
   Open Diapason *
61
4
   Wald Flute *
61
8
   Open Diapason *
61
8
   Oboe
61
8
   Violin Diapason *
61
8
   Vox Humana
61
8
   Stopped Diapason *
61
        
8
   Salicional
61
     Echo Pedal Organ  
8
   Vox Celestis
61
16
   Bourdon * (unenclosed)
30
               
Pedal Organ – 30 notes
32
   Double Op. Diapason *
30
16
   Bourdon
30
16
   Double Op. Diap. (1st)
30
8
   Violoncello
30
16
   Double Op. Diap. (2nd) (metal)
30
8
   Bass Flute
30
16
   Double Bass
30
16
   Trombone
30
16
   Dulciana
30
        
           
* stops retained from previous organ
Couplers
    Great to Pedal   Swell to Great 16', 8', 4'
    Swell to Pedal   Choir to Great 16', 8'
    Choir to Pedal   Solo to Great
    Solo to Pedal   Swell to Choir
    Echo to Pedal   Swell to Swell 4'
    Pedal to Pedal Super Octave   Echo On / Choir Off
             
Mechanical Accessories
    Swell Tremulant       Wind Indicator High Pressure
    Choir Tremulant       Wind Indicator Low Pressure
    Echo Tremulant        
             
Piston Combinations
    Five Combination Pistons on Great — (4) [numbers in parentheses penciled in]
    Five Combination Pistons on Swell — (5)
    Five Combination Pistons on Choir — (3)
    Three Combination Pistons on Solo — (3)
             
Pedal and Combination Movements
    Grand Balanced Crescendo Pedal   Sforzando Pedal
    Balanced Pedal on Swell Organ   Great to Pedal Reversible
    Balanced Pedal on Choir Organ   Piano on Pedal Organ
    Balanced Pedal on Echo Organ   Mezzo on Pedal Organ
        Forte on Pedal Organ
               
  Hall, Labagh & Co. organ (1869) in Temple Emanu-El - New York City
Organ in temple on Fifth Avenue at 43rd Street:

Hall, Labagh & Co.
New York City (1869)
Mechanical action
4 manuals, 63 stops, 83 ranks





The original organ in the temple on Fifth Avenue at 43rd Street was built in 1868-69 by Hall, Labagh & Co. of New York City at a cost of $14,000. This large four-manual organ was notable for its colorful display of decorated pipes that were visible through the five openings of the gallery case.
               
Great Manual – 58 notes
16
   Double Open Diapason
58
2 2/3
   Twelfth
58
8
   Great Open Diapason
58
2
   Fifteenth
58
8
   Second Open Diapason
58
5 1/3
   Cornet, 5 ranks
290
8
   Stopped Diapason
58
2 2/3
   Mixture, 4 ranks
232
8
   Viola di Gamba
58
16
   Ophecleide
58
8
   Clarabella
58
8
   Trumpet
58
4
   Octave Principal
58
4
   Clarion
58
4
   Wald Flute
58
        

     

     
Swell Manual – 58 notes, enclosed
16
   Bourdon
58
2
   Fifteenth
58
8
   Open Diapason
58
     Mixture, 5 ranks
290
8
   Violon Principal
58
 
   Scherff [sic], 3 ranks
174
8
   Stopped Diapason
58
16
   Fagotta
58
8
   Salicional
58
8
   Cornopean
58
8
   Pyramid Flute
58
8
   Oboe
58
4
   Harmonic Flute
58
4
   Clarion
58
4
   Violana [sic]
58
     Tremolo  
2 2/3
   Twelfth
58
        

     

     
Choir Manual – 58 notes
16
   Bell Gamba
58
4
   Rohr Flute
58
8
   Open Diapason
58
2 2/3
   Nasard
58
8
   Dulciana
58
2
   Piccolo
58
8
   Viol d'Amour
58
     Sesquialtera, 3 ranks
174
8
   Traverse Flute
58
8
   Clarinet
58
4
   Principal
58
8
   Physharmonica [free reeds]
58

     

     
Solo Manual – 58 notes
8
   Concert Flute
58
16
   Euphone [free reeds]
58
8
   Keraulophon
58
8
   Vox Humana, 2 ranks
116
8
   Hohl Flute
58
8
   Tuba Mirabilis
58
8
   Gems Horn
58
4
   Tuba Octave
58

     

     
Pedals – 30 notes
32
   Open Diapason
30
8
   Violincello [sic]
30
16
   Violon Bass
30
     Mixture, 5 ranks
150
16
   Contra Gamba
30
32
   Bombard
30
16
   Bourdon
30
16
   Trombone
30
10 2/3
   Quint
30
8
   Trumpet
30
8
   Bell Open Diapason
30
4
   Clarion
30
               
 

Henry Erben Organ (1858) - built for Temple Emanu-El - New York City

Organ in temple at 110 East 12th Street:

Henry Erben
New York City (1858)
Mechanical action
3 manuals, 37 stops, 43 ranks







From 1854-1868, Temple Emanu-El was located at 110 East 12th Street in the former Twelfth Street Baptist Church. In 1858, Henry Erben installed a new organ in the refurbished sanctuary. After Temple Emanu-El moved to Fifth Avenue and 43rd Street, the building became St. Ann's Catholic Church. The organ was enlarged and electrified sometime in the 20th century, and was removed to storage when the building was razed in 2005. The following specification was recorded by concert organist Lynnwood Farnam (1885-1930) in one of his organ notebooks that are now located in the library of the Curtis Institute of Music in Philadelphia.
               
Great Organ – 58 notes
16
   Grand Double Open Diap.
58
4
   Night Horn
58
8
   Open Diapason
58
2
   Flageolet
58
8
   Gamba
58
     Mixture (3 ranks?)
174
8
   Stopped Diapason
58
     Cornet (3 ranks ?)
174
8
   Wald Flute
58
8
   Trumpet
58
4
   Principal
58
4
   Clarion
58

             
Swell Organ – 58 notes, enclosed
16
   Bourdon (bass and treble)
58
2
   Piccolo
58
8
   Open Diapason
58
     Cornet (3 ranks?)
174
8
   Stopped Diapason
58
8
   Horn
58
8
   Viol d'Amour
58
8
   Hautboy
58
4
   Principal
58
8
   Vox Humana
58
               
Choir Organ – 58 notes
8
   Keraulophon *
46
4
   Gemshorn
58
8
   Dulciana (grooved)
58
4
   Flute d'Amour
58
8
   Clarabella
58
2
   Flautina
58
8
   Stopped Diapason
58
8
   Cremona
58
4
   Principal
58
    
* bass from Dulciana

 

      

 

      
Pedal Organ – 30 notes?
16
   Double Open Diapason
30
8
   Octave
30
16
   Contra Gamba
30
8
   Violoncello
30
16
   Bourdon
30
16
   Trombone
30
               
Couplers
    Great and Swell       Pedal and Great  
    Choir and Swell       Pedal and Swell  
    Great and Choir       Pedal and Choir  
               
Accessories
    Swell Vox Tremulant       Piano  
    Bellows       Forte  
               
Organ in temple at 110 East 12th Street:

Henry Erben
New York City (1848)
Mechanical action


When Temple Emanu-El purchased the former Twelfth Street Baptist Church at 110 East 12th Street, the furnishings included an organ built in 1848 by Henry Erben. Specifications of this organ have not yet been located.
               
Sources:
     Dunlap, David W. From Abyssinian to Zion: A Guide to Manhattan's Houses of Worship. New York: Columbia University Press, 2004.
     Farnam, Lynnwood. "Organ Notebook," p.1704. Specification of 1858 Henry Erben organ. John de Lancie Library, The Curtis Institute of Music, Philadelphia; Sally Branca, Archivist. Courtesy Jonathan Bowen.
     Glück Pipe Organs York website: http://www.glucknewyork.com
     Glück, Sebastian M. "The American Synagogue Organ: A Brief Account," Part I (The Jacksonian Period to the Progressive Era," The Tracker (Vol. 50, Nos. 3 & 4, Summer/Fall 2006).
     Hall, Labagh & Co. Account Ledger Book (1868-1873): 76. Cost of 1868 organ is $14,000. Courtesy Larry Trupiano.
     New York Architecture Images website: http://www.nyc-architecture.com
     Ochse, Orpha. Austin Organs. Richmond: The Organ Historical Society, 2001.
     Ogasapian, John. Organ Building in New York City: 1700-1900. Braintree: The Organ Literature Foundation, 1977. Stoplists of Henry Erben organ (1858) and Hall, Labagh & Co. organ (1869).
     Scheer, Stanley. Casavant Frères, Ltée. Factory Specification, Op. 1322, January 25, 1928.
     Sobel, Ronald B. (Senior Rabbi Emeritus). A Brief History.
     "Stoplists," The American Organist (June 1957). Specification of organ as revised by Austin Organs Inc. (1956).
     Temple Emanu-El website: http://www.emanuelnyc.org/
     Trupiano, Larry. Articles of Agreement (July 25, 1901) and Specification for J.H. & C.S. Odell organ, Op. 391.

Illustrations:
     Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper (Oct. 3, 1868). Engraving of interior; Library of Congress collection.
     Glück Pipe Organs website. Console of Glück Organ, Op. 7 (2002).
     Harper's Weekly (Nov. 14, 1868). Wood engraving after photo; Library of Congress collection.
     Lawson, Steven E. Henry Erben organ (1858) at 110 East 12th Street.
     Museum of the City of New York. c.1900 interior showing Hall, Labagh & Co. organ (1869).
     New York Architecture Images website: http://www.nyc-architecture.com
     New York Landmarks Conservancy. Interior of present sanctuary.
     Odell Organ Company Catalog. Engravings of main case and Echo facade.
     Program Booklet of the 1935 National Convention of the American Guild of Organists (New York City). Console of Casavant Frères organ, Op. 1322 (1928). Courtesy Arthur P. Lawrence.