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Click on images to enlarge |
Church of St. Mary the Virgin (Episcopal) 145 West 46th Street
New York, N.Y. 10036
http://www.stmvirgin.org
The Society of the Free Church of Saint Mary the Virgin in the City of New York was incorporated on December 3, 1868. Father Thomas McKee Brown had the vision to build a church in
New York City dedicated to expressing the full witness of Catholic thought in
ritual and teaching within the Episcopal Church.
A year after his ordination, Father Brown brought his plan to Bishop Potter, who suggested that a church was needed near Longacre Square (renamed Times Square in 1905) on the west side of what is now Midtown. John Jacob Astor gave three lots on West 45th Street between Seventh and Eighth Avenues, “stipulating that the Church should be free, and positively orthodox in management and working.”
On April 6, 1868, the cornerstone was laid for the first church, located at 228 West 45th Street (today the site of the Booth Theatre). The rector and trustees named the church for Saint Mary the Virgin, the Blessed
Mother of Jesus, openly challenging one of the uglier anti-Catholic prejudices
of the day, and making no mistake that this was to be an Episcopal Church in the
full Catholic tradition. The first church was designed by William Hallet, and was dedicated on December 8, 1870 (the Feast of the Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary). Bishop
Potter was unable to officiate at the service, perhaps due to his ambivalent if not negative views on Saint Mary’s, and his place was taken by the Rt. Rev. Horatio Southgate, the Episcopal Church’s former missionary bishop to the Ottoman Empire.
Father Brown spared no expense in celebrating the Eucharist with full ritual, including a choir of 40 voices and a small orchestra. At a time when the principal service in Episcopal churches was Morning Prayer with the Eucharist only celebrated four times a year, Father Brown, heeding the Tractarian view that “it is the Mass that matters,” moved quickly from celebrating the Eucharist every Sunday to celebrating it every day.
By 1890, the congregation had outgrown the church on West 45th Street. In 1892, the late Miss Sara L. Cooke, a member of the parish, left the church a legacy that eventually amounted to $700,000, in addition to real estate. Father Brown and the other trustees decided to use this legacy to fund a new church on an eight-lot parcel running through from 46th to 47th Streets. The new complex was to include a Rectory at the 47th Street end of the lot, a Clergy House (for curates and assistants), and Mission House (for the Sisters). The style would be French Gothic, with a church seating 800 persons.
The architectural firm of Napoleon LeBrun & Sons was hired to design the new church. In order to place all the buildings and a church with a lofty interior on the lot, the trustees accepted LeBrun’s recommendation to consider a novel construction method never before tried on a building of such size. LeBrun proposed using a skeleton of iron beams that would bear the weight but create little bulk. LeBrun used cut stone to face the exterior portions which would be visible from the street, and brick was used for the work that would be obscured by the other buildings in the cluster.
The cornerstone for the new church was laid on December 8, 1894. The completed church was to be 60 feet wide and 180 feet long, and the nave was to be 80 feet from floor to ceiling and 46 feet wide, surrounded on the east and west sides by 22 stone piers forming the interior support for the clerestory. Outside the piers, on each side, was to be an ambulatory 6 feet wide. The chancel, at the north end of the building, was to be 48 feet deep, terminating with the marble high altar moved from the former church.
Today, St. Mary the Virgin is widely-known for its solemn liturgies with pageantry, supported by glorious choral and organ music in the reverberant church. Due to the copious use of incense, the church is fondly and irreverently known as "Smoky Mary's." In 1996-97, the interior of the church was redecorated with vivid colors, including cobalt blue vaulting with gold stars.
See also the Ernest White Studio, a page containing information about the organs installed in the Parish House during the tenure of Ernest White, who was for 25 years associated with the Church of St. Mary the Virgin as organist and choirmaster. |
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Aeolian-Skinner Organ Company, Inc.
Boston, Mass. – Opus 891 (1932), 891-A (1942)
Revised by Mann & Trupiano (1988-2002)
Electro-pneumatic action
4 manuals, 91 stops, 93 ranks
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| Chancel console |
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Rebuilt gallery console |
The 1995 rebuilding and addition of 17 ranks were made by Mann & Trupiano of Brooklyn, under the direction of Lawrence Trupiano, and with the assistance of many others. The original four-manual Aeolian-Skinner console was completely rebuilt with new drawknobs and keyboards; it was relocated to the chancel but later returned to the rear gallery. A rebuilt three-manual Holtkamp console that can control most of the organ was added in the chancel. From 1988-2002, a total of 32 ranks were added to the organ.
Following are the specifications as of 2005. |
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Great Organ (Manual II) – 61 notes |
32 |
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Salicional [TC] |
PO |
4 |
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Flûte couverte |
61 |
16 |
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Principal |
61 |
3 1/5 |
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Grosse Tierce |
61 |
8 |
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Montre |
61 |
2 2/3 |
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Octave Quinte |
61 |
8 |
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Diapason * |
61 |
2 |
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Doublette |
61 |
8 |
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Flûte harmonique * |
61 |
2 |
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Fourniture III-V ranks |
245 |
8 |
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Violoncelle * |
61 |
1 |
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Cymbale III ranks |
183 |
8 |
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Bourdon |
61 |
2 |
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Harmonics V ranks |
305 |
5 1/3 |
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Grosse Quinte |
61 |
8 |
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Trompette harmonique |
BO |
4 |
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Prestant |
61 |
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Swell Organ (Manual III) – 61 notes, enclosed |
16 |
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Flûte conique |
73 |
1 3/5 |
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Tierce * |
54 |
8 |
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Principal |
73 |
2 |
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Plein jeu V ranks |
305 |
8 |
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Bourdon à cheminée |
73 |
2 2/3 |
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Cornet III ranks |
183 |
8 |
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Salicional |
73 |
16 |
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Bombarde |
73 |
8 |
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Voix céleste |
73 |
8 |
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Trompette |
73 |
8 |
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Viole sourdine |
73 |
8 |
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Hautbois |
73 |
4 |
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Prestant |
73 |
8 |
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Voix humaine |
73 |
4 |
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Flûte courte |
73 |
4 |
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Clairon |
73 |
2 2/3 |
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Nasard |
61 |
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Tremolo |
73 |
2 |
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Octavin |
61 |
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Cloche fou (Zimbelstern) |
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Positif Organ (Manual I) – 61 notes, enclosed |
16 |
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Salicional |
73 |
1 3/5 |
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Tierce |
61 |
8 |
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Principal * |
73 |
1 1/3 |
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Larigot |
61 |
8 |
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Flûte traversière |
73 |
2 2/3 |
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Plein jeu IV ranks |
244 |
8 |
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Gambe |
73 |
16 |
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Musette |
73 |
8 |
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Gambe céleste |
73 |
8 |
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Trompette * |
73 |
4 |
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Prestant * |
73 |
8 |
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Cromorne |
73 |
4 |
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Flûte d'amour |
73 |
8 |
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Clarinette |
73 |
4 |
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Gemshorn |
73 |
4 |
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Chalumeau |
73 |
2 2/3 |
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Nasard |
73 |
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Tremolo |
73 |
2 |
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Piccolo |
61 |
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Bombarde Organ (Manual IV) – 61 notes |
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Grand Choeur Organ (floating) |
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8 |
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Diapason |
GT |
16 |
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Trompette [TC] |
— |
8 |
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Flûte harmonique |
GT |
8 |
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Trompette * |
61 |
8 |
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Cornet V ranks * [A-d2] |
150 |
4 |
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Trompette [49 notes] |
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16 |
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Bombarde * |
73 |
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8 |
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Trompette harmonique * |
73 |
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4 |
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Clairon harmonique * |
73 |
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Pedal Organ – 32 notes |
32 |
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Soubasse [unit] |
44 |
4 |
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Flûte conique |
SW |
16 |
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Flûte ouverte [Soubasse] * |
— |
4 |
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Salicional |
PO |
16 |
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Contre basse [unit] |
56 |
5 1/3 |
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Fourniture IV ranks |
128 |
16 |
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Principal |
GT |
2 2/3 |
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Carillon II ranks [Fourniture] |
— |
16 |
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Bourdon [unit] * |
44 |
32 |
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Grand Cornet IV ranks |
128 |
16 |
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Flûte conique |
SW |
32 |
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Bombarde [unit] |
68 |
16 |
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Salicional |
PO |
16 |
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Bombarde |
— |
10 2/3 |
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Grosse Quinte [GT Cornet] |
— |
16 |
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Bombarde |
SW |
8 |
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Diapason |
GT |
16 |
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Musette |
PO |
8 |
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Contre basse |
— |
8 |
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Trompette harmonique |
BO |
8 |
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Bourdon |
— |
8 |
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Trompette |
— |
8 |
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Flûte conique |
SW |
8 |
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Musette |
PO |
8 |
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Salicional |
PO |
4 |
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Clairon |
— |
4 |
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Doublette [from Fourniture] |
— |
4 |
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Musette |
PO |
4 |
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Contre basse |
— |
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* new pipes installed 1988-2002 |
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photo taken by Ernest White (c.1943) |
Aeolian-Skinner Organ Company, Inc.
Boston, Mass. – Opus 891-A (1942)
Electro-pneumatic action
4 manuals, 70 stops, 81 ranks, 5,011 pipes
Extensive revisions and several additions were made in 1942 by G. Donald Harrison as Aeolian-Skinner's Opus 891-A, under the influence of then-organist Ernest White. Further tonal alterations were made later by Ernest White and others.
Following are the specifications of the organ as revised by the Aeolian-Skinner Organ Company. |
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Great Organ (Manual II) – 61 notes
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16 |
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Principal |
61 |
3 1/5 |
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Grosse Tierce |
61 |
16 |
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Quintaton [unit] |
73 |
2 2/3 |
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Octave Quinte |
61 |
8 |
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Principal |
61 |
2 |
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Doublette |
61 |
8 |
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Bourdon |
61 |
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Fourniture III-V ranks |
245 |
8 |
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Quintaton |
— |
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Cymbale III ranks |
183 |
5 1/3 |
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Quint |
61 |
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Harmonics V ranks |
305 |
4 |
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Prestant |
61 |
16 |
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Euphone |
61 |
4 |
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Flute Couverte |
61 |
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Swell Organ (Manual III) – 61 notes, enclosed |
16 |
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Flute Conique |
73 |
2 |
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Salicetina |
61 |
8 |
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Geigen Diapason |
73 |
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Plein Jeu V ranks |
305 |
8 |
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Bourdon à Cheminee |
73 |
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Cornet III ranks |
183 |
8 |
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Salicional |
73 |
16 |
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Bombarde |
73 |
8 |
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Voix céleste |
73 |
8 |
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Trompette |
73 |
8 |
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Viole sourdine II ranks |
146 |
8 |
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Oboe |
73 |
4 |
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Prestant |
73 |
8 |
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Vox Humana |
73 |
4 |
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Flute Courte |
73 |
4 |
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Clairon |
73 |
4 |
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Salicet |
73 |
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Tremolo |
73 |
2 2/3 |
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Nazard |
61 |
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Positif Organ (Manual I) – 61 notes, enclosed |
16 |
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Salicional |
73 |
2 |
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Piccolo |
61 |
8 |
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Flute Traversiere |
73 |
1 3/5 |
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Tierce |
61 |
8 |
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Gamba |
73 |
1 1/3 |
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Larigot |
61 |
8 |
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Gamba Celeste |
73 |
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Cymbale IV ranks |
244 |
8 |
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Viole |
73 |
16 |
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Musette |
73 |
8 |
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Viole Celeste |
73 |
8 |
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Clarinet |
73 |
8 |
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Spitzflöte |
73 |
8 |
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Cromorne |
73 |
4 |
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Gemshorn |
73 |
4 |
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Chalumeau |
73 |
4 |
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Flute d'Amour |
73 |
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Tremolo |
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2 2/3 |
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Nazard |
61 |
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Bombarde Organ (Manual IV) – 61 notes |
8 |
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16 |
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8 |
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| Viole Celeste |
preparation |
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8 |
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| Trompette Harmonique |
preparation |
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8 |
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| Orchestral Flute |
preparation |
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4 |
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| Clairon Harmonique |
preparation |
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| Grande Fourniture VII rks |
prep. |
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Pedal Organ – 32 notes |
16 |
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Contre Basse [unit] |
56 |
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Fourniture IV ranks |
128 |
16 |
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Quintaton |
GT |
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Carillon II rks [Fourniture] |
— |
16 |
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Diapason |
GT |
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Grande Cornet IV ranks |
128 |
16 |
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Salicional |
PO |
32 |
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Euphone [ext. GT] |
12 |
16 |
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Flute Conique |
SW |
16 |
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Bombarde [unit] |
56 |
8 |
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Contre Basse |
— |
16 |
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Basson |
GT |
8 |
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Quintaton |
GT |
16 |
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Musette |
PO |
8 |
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Flute Conique |
SW |
8 |
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Trompette |
— |
8 |
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Salicional |
PO |
8 |
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Musette |
PO |
4 |
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Contre Basse |
— |
4 |
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Clairon |
— |
4 |
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Quintaton |
GT |
4 |
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Clarion |
BO |
4 |
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Salicional |
PO |
4 |
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Musette |
PO |
2 |
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Quintaton |
GT |
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Aeolian-Skinner Organ Company, Inc.
Boston, Mass. – Opus 891 (1932)
Electro-pneumatic action
4 manuals, 54 stops, 59 ranks, 2,908 pipes
The four-manual Aeolian-Skinner, Opus 891, was installed in 1932, with specification and tonal design by G. Donald Harrison. Palmer Christian played the dedication recital in 1933. The organ was incomplete at the time, having only 59 of the 86 ranks planned, and the proposed case was never built due to lack of funds brought on by the Depression.
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| Proposed Case (Sept. 8, 1929) |
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Proposed Case by G. Donald Harrison |
Following are the specifications of Aeolian-Skinner Opus 891 as it was originally designed and installed. |
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Great Organ (Manual II) – 61 notes |
16 |
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Principal |
61 |
4 |
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| Flute Ouverte |
preparation |
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8 |
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Principal |
61 |
3 1/5 |
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Grosse Tierce |
61 |
8 |
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2 2/3 |
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Octave Quinte |
61 |
8 |
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| Flute Harmonique |
preparation |
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2 |
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Doublette |
61 |
8 |
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Harmonics V ranks |
305 |
5 1/3 |
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Quint |
61 |
16 |
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Double Trumpet |
BO |
4 |
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Principal |
61 |
8 |
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Trumpet |
BO |
4 |
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4 |
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Clarion |
BO |
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Swell Organ (Manual III) – 61 notes, enclosed |
16 |
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Flute Conique |
73 |
2 |
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Salicetina |
61 |
8 |
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Principal |
73 |
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Plein Jeu V ranks |
305 |
8 |
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Rohrflöte |
73 |
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Sesquialtera IV ranks |
244 |
8 |
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Salicional |
73 |
16 |
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Bombarde |
73 |
8 |
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Voix Celeste |
73 |
8 |
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Trompette |
73 |
8 |
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Viole Sourdine |
73 |
8 |
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Oboe |
73 |
8 |
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Voix Eolienne |
73 |
8 |
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Vox Humana |
73 |
4 |
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Octave |
73 |
4 |
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Clairon |
73 |
4 |
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Flute Triangulaire |
73 |
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Tremolo |
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4 |
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Salicet |
73 |
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Choir Organ (Manual I) – 61 notes, enclosed |
16 |
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Salicional |
73 |
2 |
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Piccolo |
61 |
8 |
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Geigen Principal |
73 |
1 3/5 |
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Tierce |
61 |
8 |
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Flute Traversiere |
73 |
1 1/3 |
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Larigot |
61
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8 |
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Viole |
73 |
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Sesquialtera V ranks |
305 |
8 |
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Viole Celeste |
73 |
16 |
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| Contra Fagotto |
preparation |
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8 |
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Spitzflöte |
73 |
8 |
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Clarinet |
73 |
8 |
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Gemshorn |
73 |
8 |
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Trumpet |
73 |
4 |
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Flute d'Amour |
73 |
4 |
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2 2/3 |
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Nazard |
73 |
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Tremolo |
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Bombarde Organ (Manual IV) – 61 notes |
8 |
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16 |
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| Double Trumpet |
preparation |
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8 |
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| Viole Celeste |
preparation |
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8 |
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8 |
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| Orchestral Flute |
preparation |
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4 |
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| Grande Fourniture VII rks |
prep. |
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Pedal Organ – 32 notes |
16 |
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Principal [unit] |
56 |
4 |
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Flute |
— |
16 |
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2 |
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Flute |
— |
16 |
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Flute Ouverte [unit] |
68 |
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| Harmonics IV ranks |
preparation |
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16 |
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Diapason |
GT |
32 |
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| Contre Bombarde |
preparation |
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16 |
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Salicional |
CH |
16 |
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Bombarde [unit] |
56 |
16 |
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Spitzflöte |
SW |
16 |
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Double Trumpet |
BO |
10 2/3 |
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16 |
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Fagotto |
CH |
8 |
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Octave |
— |
8 |
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Trompette |
— |
8 |
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Flute |
— |
8 |
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Trumpet |
BO |
8 |
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8 |
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Fagotto |
CH |
6 2/5 |
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| Grosse Tierce |
preparation |
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4 |
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Clairon |
— |
5 1/3 |
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| Octave Quinte |
preparation |
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4 |
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Clarion |
BO |
4 |
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Doublette |
— |
4 |
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Fagotto |
CH |
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Original organ in present building:
Geo. Jardine and Son
New York City – Opus 1139 (1896)
Electro-pneumatic action
3 manuals, 34 stops, 33 ranks
Two consoles (gallery and chancel)
The first organ in the present church was built by Geo. Jardine & Son of New York City. In 1895, it was moved by Jardine from the former building, enlarged from two to three manuals and equipped with electric action. Two consoles were provided, one in the gallery, and one in the chancel. Unfortunately, the novel use of electricity proved unreliable after a few years. The following specification is from an organ notebook by Lynnwood Farnam (1885-1930), concert organist of the early 20th century.. |
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Great Organ (Manual II) – 58 notes |
16 |
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Double Open Diapason |
58 |
4 |
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Octave |
58 |
8 |
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Open Diapason |
58 |
4 |
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Harmonic Flute |
58 |
8 |
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Doppel Flöte |
58 |
2 |
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Piccolo |
58 |
8 |
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Melodia |
58 |
8 |
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Clarinet [TC] |
46 |
8 |
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Viola di Gamba |
58 |
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Swell Organ (Manual III) – 58 notes, enclosed |
8 |
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Open Diapason |
58 |
2 |
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Flageolet |
58 |
8 |
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Lieblich Gedeckt |
58 |
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Cornet, 2 ranks |
116 |
8 |
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Clariana |
58 |
8 |
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Trumpet [TC] |
46 |
8 |
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Aeoline |
58 |
8 |
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Bassoon [bass] |
12 |
4 |
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Violina |
58 |
8 |
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Choir Oboe |
58 |
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Choir Organ (Manual I) – 58 notes, enclosed [located in chancel] |
16 |
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Bourdon Bass |
12 |
4 |
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Octave |
58 |
16 |
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Bourdon Treble |
46 |
4 |
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Boehm Flute |
58 |
8 |
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Open Diapason |
58 |
2 2/3 |
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Quintina |
8 |
8 |
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Salicional |
58 |
2 |
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Super Octave |
58 |
8 |
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Dolce |
58 |
8 |
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Vox Humana |
58 |
8 |
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Gross Flute |
58 |
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Pedal Organ – 30 notes |
16 |
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Open Diapason (wood) |
30 |
8 |
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Violoncello |
30 |
16 |
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Bourdon (in chancel) |
30 |
16 |
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Trombone |
30 |
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Couplers (stops over Swell)
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Pedal at Octaves |
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Swell to Chancel |
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Swell to Pedal |
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Chancel to Great Sub |
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Great to Pedal |
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Swell to Great Octave |
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Chancel to Pedal |
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Swell Tremulant * |
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Swell to Great |
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Chancel Tremulant * |
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Chancel to Great |
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Stop Switch * |
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* stops on left |
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Accessories |
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2 composition pedals to Chancel |
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2 composition pedals to Swell |
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Balanced swell to Swell |
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Balanced swell to Chancel |
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2 composition pedals to Great |
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Organ in St. Joseph's Hall of present building:
Martin Bohling
New York City (1960s)
Direct-electric action
2 manuals, 26 stops, 8 ranks
In the 1960s, an organ was built for St. Joseph's Hall by Martin Bohling, who was the organ curator at the time. Bohling's Opus 1 had eight unified ranks on direct-electric action. As some point, the organ was moved to St. Mark's Church in Teaneck, N.J. |
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Hauptwerk (Manual I) – 56 notes
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8 |
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Prestant |
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2 2/3 |
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Nasat [TC] |
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8 |
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Gedackt |
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2 |
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Rohr Floete |
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4 |
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Praestant |
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Mixtur III ranks |
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4 |
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Gedackt |
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16 |
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Krumm Horn |
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Positiv (Manual II) – 56 notes
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8 |
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Gedackt |
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1 1/3 |
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Larigot |
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4 |
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Praestant |
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1 |
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Sifflet |
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4 |
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Rohr Floete [1-12 Ged.] |
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Scharf II ranks [Mixtur 8ve] |
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2 |
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Praestant |
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8 |
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Krumm Horn |
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Pedal Organ – 32 notes
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16 |
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Gedackt |
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2 |
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Rohr Floete |
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8 |
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Praestant |
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Mixtur III ranks |
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8 |
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Gedackt |
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16 |
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Krumm Horn |
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4 |
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Praestant |
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8 |
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Krumm Horn |
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4 |
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Gedackt |
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4 |
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Krumm Horn |
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Stop Analysis |
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Pipes |
16 |
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Gedackt |
80 |
8 |
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Praestant |
80 |
2 |
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Rohr Floete |
61 |
1 1/3' |
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Larigot |
56 |
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Mixtur [22-26-29] |
168 |
16 |
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Krumm Horn |
68 |
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Total |
513 |
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Organ in St. Joseph's Hall and Theatre of present building:
Casavant Frères, Limitée
St. Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada – Opus 1498 (1934)
Electro-pneumatic action
2 manuals, 26 stops, 6 ranks
The second organ in St. Joseph's Hall was built in 1934 by Casavant Frères for the Paul A. Fancher residence in Clinton, N.Y. In 1945, Mr. Fancher donated the organ to the church, in memory of his wife, Edith. The organ had two manuals and six unified ranks, and was entirely enclosed (except for the 8' Open Diapason on the Great). At some point, the organ was moved to the theatre on the second floor of the parish house. In 1992, the organ was sold to someone in Canada. |
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Great Organ (Manual I) – 61 notes, enclosed
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16 |
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Bourdon [TC] |
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4 |
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Octave |
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8 |
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Open Diapason * |
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4 |
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Flute |
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8 |
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Stopped Diapason |
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2 2/3 |
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Twelfth |
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8 |
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Salicional |
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2 |
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Piccolo |
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8 |
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Dulciana |
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* outside swell box |
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Swell Organ (Manual II) – 61 notes, enclosed
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16 |
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Contra Salicional [TC] |
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4 |
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Dulcet |
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8 |
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Stopped Diapason |
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2 2/3 |
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Twelfth |
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8 |
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Salicional |
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2 |
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Piccolo |
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8 |
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Voix Celeste |
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1 3/5 |
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Tierce |
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8 |
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Dulciana |
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8 |
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Oboe |
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4 |
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Violina |
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Tremulant |
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4 |
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Flute |
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Pedal Organ – 32? notes
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16 |
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Bourdon |
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4 |
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Dulcet |
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8 |
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Stopped Flute |
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16 |
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Bassoon |
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8 |
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Viola |
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Couplers
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Great to Pedal |
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Swell to Pedal |
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Swell to Great |
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Pedal Movements
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Balanced Swell Pedal |
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Crescendo Pedal |
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Organ in St. Joseph's Hall of present building: Geo. Jardine and Son
New York City (c.1895)
Unknown action
The Memorial booklet of the Church of St. Mary the Virgin, published in 1895, states, "In St. Joseph's Hall is a fine large organ." Specifications of this organ have not yet been located. |
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Chancel showing Jardine organ at left |
Organ in first church at 228 West 45th Street:
Geo. Jardine and Son
New York City (1886)
Mechanical action
2 manuals, 19 stops, 20 ranks |
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Great Organ (Manual I) – 58 notes |
16 |
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Double Open Diapason |
58 |
8 |
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Melodia |
58 |
8 |
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Open Diapason |
58 |
4 |
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Flute Harmonic |
58 |
8 |
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Violin Gamba |
58 |
4 |
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Principal |
58 |
8 |
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Doppel Flute |
58 |
2 |
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Piccolo |
58 |
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Swell Organ (Manual II) – 58 notes, enclosed |
8 |
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Open Diapason |
58 |
2 |
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Flageolet |
58 |
8 |
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Clariana |
58 |
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Cornet, 2 ranks |
116 |
8 |
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Aeolina |
58 |
8 |
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Trumpet & Bassoon |
58 |
8 |
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Lieblich Gedackt |
58 |
8 |
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Vox Humana |
58 |
4 |
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Violino |
58 |
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Tremulant |
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Pedal Organ – 27 notes |
16 |
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Open Diapason |
27 |
16 |
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Bourdon |
27 |
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Sources:
Aeolian-Skinner Archives: http://aeolian-skinner.110mb.com/
Babin, Kyle. "Music at the Church of Saint Mary the Virgin, New York City (1868-Present), and Its Importance in the History of Sacred and Secular Music." New York: Manhattan School of Music doctoral thesis, May 2008.
Babin, Kyle. Specifications of Casavant Frères Organ (1934) in St. Joseph's Hall.
Barnes, William Harrison. The Contemporary American Organ: Its Evolution, Design and Construction (Sixth Edition). New York: J. Fischer & Bro., 1956.
Callahan, Charles. The American Classic Organ - A History in Letters. Richmond: The Organ Historical Society, 1990. Aeolian-Skinner shop notes dated October 12, 1955.
Dolkart, Andrew S. and Matthew A. Postal. Guide to New York City Landmarks (Third Edition). New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2004.
Dunlap, David. From Abyssinian to Zion: A Guide to Manhattan's Houses of Worship. New York: Columbia University Press, 2004.
Farnam, Lynnwood. "Organ Notebook" with specification of Jardine organ, Op. 1139 (1896). John de Lancie Library, The Curtis Institute of Music, Philadelphia. Courtesy Sally Branca, archivist, and Jonathan Bowen.
Kinzey, Allen, and Sand Lawn, comps. E.M. Skinner/Aeolian-Skinner Opus List. New Rev. Ed. Richmond: The Organ Historical Society, 1997.
Memorial of the New Church on the 25th Anniversary of the Parish, Feast of the Conception of the Virgin Mary 1895. New York: The Board of Trustees of the Church of St. Mary the Virgin, 1895.
Ogasapian, John. Organ Building in New York City: 1700-1900. Braintree: The Organ Literature Foundation, 1977.
Read, Newbury Frost. The Story of St. Mary's. New York: The Board of Trustees of the Church of St. Mary the Virgin, 1931.
St. Mary the Virgin website: www.stmvirgin.org
Trupiano, Larry. Specifications of Martin Bohling organ, Op. 1 (1960s) in St. Joseph's Hall.
Photos:
The Architectural Record (Vol. XXVII, No. 5, May 1910): exterior (c.1910).
Ave (Dec. 1969), newsletter of St. Mary the Virgin: proposed case by G. Donald Harrison for Aeolian-Skinner Organ, Op. 891.
Read, Newbury Frost. The Story of St. Mary's: exterior and chancel of 45th Street church.
Rust, John: Color photos of interior; rebuilt gallery console (1995); Holtkamp console in chancel.
St. Mary the Virgin Archives: chancel boy choir (1900).
Trupiano, Larry: proposed case (Sep. 8, 1929) for Aeolian-Skinner Organ, Op. 891.
White, Ernest: photo of Aeolian-Skinner Organ, Op. 891-A (c.1943); courtesy Kyle Babin. |
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