Trinity Church Wall Street - New York City
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Trinity Church, Wall Street
(Episcopal)

Broadway at Wall Street
New York, N.Y. 10006
http://www.trinitywallstreet.org 
Organ Specifications:
Present building (since 1846):
► I/5 Klop Orgelbouw (2011) – Continuo
► III/85d Marshall Ogletree Assoc., Inc., Op. 1 electronic (2003)
► IV/161 Aeolian-Skinner Organ Co., Op. 408-D (rev., as of 2000)
► IV/153 Aeolian-Skinner Organ Co., Op. 408-D (1968)
► IV/120 Aeolian-Skinner Organ Co., Op. 408-A,B,C (1958)
► IV/75 Skinner Organ Company, Op. 408 (1923); rev. (1928)
► IV/56s Hook & Hastings, Op. 2168 (1907) – Gallery
► III/26 Hook & Hastings, Op. 1923 (1901) – Chancel
► II/17 Hall & Labagh (1864) – Chancel
► IV/45 Henry Erben (1846); showing revisions to 1889
► III/39 Henry Erben (1846)
Second building (1790-1839):
► III/25 Henry Holland (1791)
First building (1698-burned 1790):
► III/36 John Snetzler (ca.1764-burned 1790)
• III/26 John Klemm (1741)

See also All Saints' Chapel.


The first services in the original Trinity Church took place on March 13, 1698. There was no organ until the building was enlarged in 1737, after which John Klemm of Philadelphia built a three-manual instrument of 26 stops for the gallery in 1740. A stoplist for the Klemm organ has not been located. This instrument was replaced in 1764 or 1765 by a 25-stop organ built by John Snetzler of London; both the organ and church were destroyed by fire in 1776. A second church was built in 1787 and contained a three-manual organ of 19 stops by Henry Holland of London. By 1839, the building showed signs of structural weakness and was razed. The Holland organ was moved to the German Reformed Church on Norfolk Street in New York City.

The present edifice was designed by Richard Upjohn in Perpendicular Gothic Style; Upjohn also designed the organ case and stained glass (which was fabricated on-site). Although the church was dedicated on Ascension Day in 1846, the Henry Erben organ was not completed until several months later; it was given a public hearing to crowds numbering in the thousands. The Erben organ was enlarged and changed several times in 1867, 1889, and 1907. A chancel organ was built by Hall and Labagh in 1864 to accompany the choir.

Trinity Church Wall Street - New York City
In 1923, Ernest M. Skinner of Boston built an entirely new organ (Opus 408) of 64 stops, which had Nave and Chancel divisions, and was controlled by a large four-manual console in the chancel. The chancel divisions and console were installed first, and were dedicated in 1923. The nave (west gallery) divisions were installed following removal of the Erben, and the whole organ was dedicated in March 1924. Skinner's Nave Organ retained several Erben stops — the 32' Open Wood, the Great Mixture III and the Swell Mixture V — and was installed behind the historic Erben case; the Chancel Organ was installed in a chamber behind the Labagh case on the south side of the choir. In 1928, after a trip to England, Skinner replaced several stops.

In 1958, the Aeolian-Skinner Organ Company of Boston built a new console and made major tonal revisions, replacing 75% of the pipework and adding a Chancel Brustwerk division, but retaining most of the mechanisms and chests. When a free-standing altar was planned, removing the choir to the gallery, Aeolian-Skinner was contracted in 1968 to replace all mechanisms and structures not new in 1961, and to provide new ranks and a duplicate console for the gallery; they also repositioned divisions for optimum sound projection. Casavant Frerès of Canada was subcontracted by Aeolian-Skinner to provide the chassis and some chests for the new organ. The Erben 16' Open Wood (Diapason) was retained in the Pedal (the 32' octave was removed during the 1958 rebuild), and was later made playable from the Gallery Great and Pedal divisions. A few original Skinner ranks were used in the new organ, while some of the Skinner Solo stops were given to Calvary Episcopal Church. Alec Wyton dedicated the new organ in 1970. At a later date, the chancel console was made movable.
             
Klop Orgelbouw
Garderen, The Netherlands (2011)
Mechanical action
1 manual, 5 stops, 5 ranks


Trinity Church owns a continuo ("kistorgel") built in 2011 by Klop Orgelbouw of The Netherlands. The continuo has five stops that are divided treble and bass. All stops are wood and divide at b & c1 @ 440 position. The keyboard transposes up and down from a 440. This organ is transported to St. Paul's Chapel when needed.
             
Manuaal – 54 notes
   
8
   Holpijp
54
      
4
   Prestant *
50
      
4
   Roerfluit
54
      
2
   Octaaf
54
      
1 1/3
   Quint
54
      
             
    * Notes 1–4 are #13–16 of 8'  
             
  Marshall & Ogletree Chancel Console - Trinity Church Wall Street - New York City (photo: Steven E. Lawson)
 
Chancel Console by Ruffatti
Marshall Ogletree Associates, Inc.
Needham, Mass. – Epiphany Opus 1 (2003)
Solid State key and stop action
Two 3-manual consoles, 85 duplicate digital stops
Chancel console by Ruffatti; Gallery console by Klann



On September 11, 2001, the World Trade Center towers were destroyed. Trinity Church, located about 600 feet away, was showered with debris, as were nearby St. Paul's Chapel at Broadway and Fulton Street, and the church office building just west of the church at 74 Rector Street. The buildings were subsequently cleaned, but the organs were deemed unusable. In 2003, the Aeolian-Skinner organ in Trinity Church was removed to storage. As a temporary longterm solution, Marshall Ogletree Associates, Inc., of Needham, Mass., installed their all-digital Epiphany Organ, Opus 1, in 2003. Two consoles were provided: the gallery console was built by Klann Organ Supply of Waynesboro, Va. ; the chancel console was built by Fratelli Ruffatti Organs of Padua, Italy.
             
Great Organ (Manual II) – 61 notes
16
  Contra Principal       Tremulant
8
  Principal       Unison Off
8
  Gamba       Trompette des Tours
8
  Bourdon        
8
  Flûte Harmonique       Great Alternate Stop:
4
  Octave  
16
   Bourdon
4
  Chimney Flute  
8
   Diapason
2 2/3
  Nazard  
4
   Gemshorn
2
  Fifteenth  
2
   Waldflöte
1 1/3
  Mixture IV-V ranks  
1 3/5
   Tierce
16
  Posaune  
5 1/3
   Gross Cornet II ranks
8
  Trompete  
1
   Terz Zimbel III ranks
4
  Klarine  
1/2
   Scharff III-IV ranks
             
Swell Organ (Manual III) – 61 notes, expressive
16
  Bourdon  
4
   Clarion
8
  Montre       Tremulant
8
  Bourdon       Swell 16'
8
  Salicional       Unison Off
8
  Voix Celeste       Swell 4'
8
  Flûte Douces II ranks  
8
   Trompette des Tours
4
  Prestant        
4
  Flûte Traversière       Swell Alternate Stop:
2 2/3
  Nazard  
32
   Soubasse
2
  Doublette  
16
   Gambe
1 3/5
  Tierce  
8
   Flûte Harmonique
2
  Plein Jeu IV-V ranks  
8
   Dulcet II ranks
1
  Cymbale IV ranks  
8
   Aeoline
16
  Double Trumpet  
2
   Octavin
8
  Cornopean  
16
   Fagot
8
  Oboe  
8
   Echo Vox
8
  Vox Humana        
 
     
 
   
Choir Organ (Manual I) – 61 notes, expressive
8
  Dulciana       Tremulant
8
  Viola Pomposa       Choir 16'
8
  Viola Celeste       Unison Off
8
  Klein Erzähler       Choir 4'
8
  Erzähler Celeste  
8
   Trompette des Tours
8
  Nachthorn        
4
  Spitzprinzipal       Choir Alternate Stop:
4
  Koppelflöte  
16
   Quintäden
2
  Oktav  
8
  Singend Gedeckt
1 1/3
  Quinteflöte  
8
   Unda Maris II ranks
1
  Mixtur IV ranks  
2
   Zauberflöte
2/5
  Jeu de Clochette II ranks  
1 1/7
   Septième
16
  Basson  
1
   Sifflöte
8
  Trompette  
2 2/3
   Cornet III ranks
8
  Clarinet  
8
   Cromorne
4
  Clairon        
 
     
 
   
Bombarde Organ (floating) – 61 notes
8
  Major Diapason II ranks  
16
   Contre Bombarde
2
  Éclat VII-IX ranks  
8
   Bombarde
     
4
   Bombarde Clairon
 
           
Solo Organ (floating) – 61 notes, expressive
8
  Cello       Solo Alternate Stop:
8
  Cello Celeste  
16
  Contre Gambes II ranks
8
  Flauto Mirabilis  
8
  Voix des Anges II ranks
8
  Tuba Major  
4
  Flûte Triangulaire
8
  French Horn  
8
  Cornet V ranks
8
  English Horn  
16
  Rankett
 
  Tremulant  
16, 8, 4
  Anches Antiques
            Chimes
            Harp
             
Pedal Organ – 32 notes
32
  Contre Basse  
16
   Basson (Choir)
32
  Soubasse  
8
   Tromba
16
  Principal  
4
   Clarion
16
  Soubasse  
8
   Trompette des Tours
16
  Violone        
16
  Bourdon (Swell)       Pedal Alternate Stop:
16
  Dulciana (Choir)  
16
  Violoncelli III ranks
8
  Octave  
16
   Gamba (Great)
8
  Gedeckt  
5 1/3
   Quinte
4
  Super Octave  
4
   Koppelgedackt
2
  Fourniture V ranks  
10 2/3
   Harmonics IV ranks
32
  Bombardon  
16
  Fagot (Swell)
16
  Ophicleide  
4
   Rankett (Solo)
16
  Posaune (Great)       Chimes (Solo)
16
  Double Trumpet (Swell)        
             
Couplers
    Great to Pedal 8'   Bombarde on Great
    Swell to Pedal 8', 4'   Choir to Swell 16', 8', 4'
    Choir to Pedal 8', 4'   Solo on Swell 16', 8', 4'
    Solo on Pedal 8', 4'   Bombarde on Swell
    Bombarde on Pedal   Swell to Choir 16', 8', 4'
    Swell to Great 16', 8', 4'   Great to Great 8'
    Choir to Great 16', 8', 4'   Solo on Choir 16', 8', 4'
    Solo on Great 16', 8', 4'   Bombarde on Choir
             
Controls (lighted pistons above Swell)
    Auto Bass, Auto Melody, MIDI, Sostenuto, etc.
             
  Henry Erben Organ Case - Trinity Church Wall Street - New York City (photo: Steven E. Lawson)
Aeolian-Skinner Organ Company, Inc.
Boston, Mass. – Opus 408-D (1968); rev. (as of 2000)
Electro-pneumatic key and stop action
Solid State Logic combination action (2 levels)
Two 4-manual consoles
86 stops, 119 ranks – Gallery
34 stops, 42 ranks – Chancel
120 stops, 161 ranks – Total




Since its completion in 1970, the Aeolian-Skinner organ was revised over the years by various organ curators, including Tony Bufano, Melvin Robinson, Anthony Meloni and Larry Trupiano. The specifications below are from ca. 2000.

Following the terrorist attack on September 11, 2001, the Aeolian-Skinner organ was deemed unusable. In 2003, the organ was removed and placed in storage. In 2011, Trinity Church donated the organ to Johns Creek United Methodist Church, outside Atlanta, who plan to have the organ renovated and installed in their planned new church.
               
GALLERY ORGAN
               
Great Organ (Manual II) – 61 notes
16
  Sub Principal [orig. Erben]
61
4
  Koppelflöte
61
8
  Principal
61
2 2/3
  Twelfth
61
8
  Violone
61
2
  Super Octave
61
8
  Flute Harmonique
61
 
  Fourniture IV ranks
244
8
  Rohrflöte
61
 
  Cymbale IV ranks
244
8
  Erzähler
61
16
  Sub Trumpet
61
4
  Octave
61
8
  Trumpet
61
 
     
 
     
Swell Organ (Manual III) – 61 notes, enclosed
16
  Lieblich Gedeckt
61
     Plein Jeu IV-V ranks
?
8
  Principal
61
     Cymbale II-IV ranks
?
8
  Gedeckt
61
16
   Hautbois
61
8
  Salicional
61
8
  Trompette
61
8
  Voix Celeste
61
8
  Hautbois [ext.]
12
8
  Flute Celeste II ranks
110
8
   Menschenstimme
61
4
  Octave
61
4
   Clairon
61
4
  Flute Harmonique
61
     Tremulant  
2
  Octavin
61
     Swell 16'  
    Cornett III ranks
183
    Swell 4'  
 
     
 
     
Choir Organ (Floating) – 61 notes, enclosed
8
  Spitzgamba
61
2
  Blockflöte
61
8
  Rohrflöte
61
1 3/5
  Tierce
61
4
  Principal
61
 
  Mixture IV ranks
244
4
  Nachthorn
61
 
  Tremulant  
2 2/3
  Nazard
61
 
     
 
     
 
     
Positiv Organ (Manual I) – 61 notes
16
  Quintadena
61
4/5
  Terz
61
8
  Praestant
61
 
  Mixture IV ranks
244
8
  Singendgedeckt
61
 
  Zimbel III ranks
183
4
  Principal
61
16
  Rankett
61
4
  Spitzflöte
61
8
  Krummhorn
61
2
  Octave
61
4
  Rohr Schalmei
61
1 1/3
  Larigot
61
 
  Tremulant  
1
  Super Octave
61
 
     
 
     
 
     
Bombarde Organ (Manual IV) – 61 notes, partially enclosed with Choir
8
  Clarabella Flute *
61
16
  Bombarde
61
8
  Gamba Celeste II ranks *
122
8
  Trompette
61
8
  Clarinet *
61
4
  Clairon
61
  Cornet de Récit V ranks [TC]
210
8
  Trompette Harmonique [horiz.]
61
 
  Grand Fourniture V-VIII ranks
?
 
 
* enclosed with Choir (when engaged, these stops transfer to Choir manual)
 
   
 
 
 
     
 
     
Pedal Organ – 32 notes
32
  Violone [ext.]
12
2
  Flachflöte
32
32
  Untersatz
32
 
  Gros Sesquialtera II ranks
64
16
  Principal
32
 
  Fourniture IV ranks
128
16
  Erben Principal
GT
 
  Scharff III ranks
96
16
  Violone
32
32
  Bombarde [ext.]
12
16
  Bourdon
32
16
  Bombarde
32
16
  Lieblich Gedeckt
SW
16
  Hautbois
SW
8
  Principal
32
8
  Trompette
32
8
  Spitzflöte
32
8
  Hautbois
SW
8
  Gedeckt
32
4
  Clairon [ext.]
12
4
  Choral Bass
32
4
  Rohr Schalmei
POS
4
  Blockflöte
32
 
     
 
     
 
     
CHANCEL ORGAN
 
     
 
     
Great Organ (Manual II) – 61 notes
16
  Bourdon
61
 
  Mixture IV ranks
244
8
  Diapason
61
 
  Cymbale III ranks
183
8
  Flute
61
8
  Trumpet
61
4
  Octave
61
 
  Great Unison Off  
 
     
 
     
Swell Organ (Manual III) – 61 notes, enclosed
8
  English Diapason
61
16
  Double Bassoon
61
8
  Viole da Gamba
61
8
   Cornopean
61
8
  Viole Celeste
61
8
  Clarinet
61
8
  Chimney Flute
61
4
   Clarion
61
4
  Conical Principal
61
    Tremulant  
4
  Harmonic Flute
61
    Swell 16'  
2
  Gemshorn
61
    Swell Unison Off  
    Fourniture IV ranks
244
     Swell 4'  
 
     
 
     
Positiv Organ (Manual I) – 61 notes
8
  Stopped Diapason
61
 
  Sesquialtera II ranks
122
4
  Chimney Flute
61
 
  Tremulant  
2
  Flute
61
 
  Positiv Unison Off  
 
     
 
     
Solo Organ (Manual IV) – 61 notes (rocking tablets in coupler rail)
8
   Flute Harmonique
prep.
16
  Fanfare Trumpet [TC]
—
8
  Cromorne
Réc
8
  Fanfare Trumpet
61
   
4
   Fanfare Trumpet [ext.]
12
 
     
 
     
Pedal Organ – 32 notes
16
  Double Open Diapason
32
4
  Super Octave
32
16
  Bourdon
GT
 
  Mixture IV ranks
128
8
  Principal
32
32
  Gross Cornet
derived
8
  Gedeckt
32
16
  Trombone
32
               
Couplers (rocking tablets)
    Great to Pedal   Bombarde to Positiv
    Swell to Pedal   Choir on Swell
    Positiv to Pedal   Choir on Bombarde
    Choir to Pedal   Hauptwerk to Pedal
    Bombarde to Pedal   Récit to Pedal
    Swell to Great   Brustwerk to Pedal
    Swell to Great 4'   Solo to Pedal
    Positiv to Great   Récit to Hauptwerk 16'
    Choir on Great   Récit to Hauptwerk
    Bombarde to Great   Récit to Hauptwerk 4'
    Swell to Positiv 16'   Brustwerk to Hauptwerk
    Swell to Positiv   Récit to Brustwerk
    Swell to Positiv 4'   Récit to Brustwerk 4'
    Choir on Positiv   Solo to Brustwerk
               
Reversibles
    Great to Pedal (toe & thumb)   Gallery Off (toe & thumb)
    Swell to Pedal (toe & thumb)   Chancel Off (toe & thumb)
    Positiv to Pedal (toe & thumb)   Gallery Crescendo Off (thumb)
    Choir to Pedal (toe & thumb)   Chancel Crescendo Off (thumb)
    Bombarde to Pedal (toe & thumb)   Full Organ (thumb & toe)
    Hauptwerk to Pedal (toe & thumb)   Swell Sostenuto (thumb)
    Récit to Pedal (toe & thumb)   32' Violone (toe)
    Brustwerk to Pedal (toe & thumb)   32' Untersatz (toe)
    All Swells to Swell (thumb)   32' Bombarde (toe)
               
Adjustable Combinations
   
Gallery Great Pistons 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8 (thumb)
Gallery Swell Pistons 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8 (thumb)
Gallery Positiv Pistons 1-2-3-4-5 (thumb)
Gallery Choir Pistons 1-2-3 (thumb)
Gallery Bombarde Pistons 1-2-3-4-5 (thumb)
Gallery Pedal Pistons 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8 (toe)
Gallery General Pistons 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12 (thumb & toe)
Chancel Great Pistons 1-2-3-4 (thumb)
Chancel Swell Pistons 1-2-3-4-5 (thumb)
Chancel Positiv Pistons 1-2-3-4 (thumb)
Chancel General Pistons 1-2-3-4 (toe)
  General Cancel (thumb)
  Setter (thumb)
               
Mechanicals
    Ensembles I, II, III, IV – blind fixed combinations (thumb & toe) with indicator lights
    Balanced Gallery Swell Expression Pedal
    Balanced Chancel Swell Expression Pedal
    Balanced Gallery Choir Expression Pedal
    Balanced Crescendo Pedal (with indicator light)
             
Aeolian-Skinner Organ Company, Inc.
Boston, Mass. – Opus 408-D (1968)
Electro-pneumatic key and stop action
Solid State Logic combination action (2 levels)
Two 4-manual consoles
84 stops, 114 ranks – Gallery
30 stops, 38 ranks – Chancel
114 stops, 153 ranks – Total


In 1967, the Vestry approved plans for a free-standing altar, making it desirable for the choir to be placed once again in the gallery. This necessitated a full console for the gallery as well as the relocation of the Positiv division. By this time, the leather work and other mechanical and structural portions of the 1923 organ needed replacement. In addition, the layout of the old 1923 structure did not provide proper space for relocating the Positiv division behind the main case, nor did it allow proper sound projection for the larger 1961 and 1970 instruments.

After much study and deliberation, the Committee on the Fabric of the Church and its Chapels made its recommendation to the Vestry. In November 1968, a contract was signed with the Aeolian-Skinner Organ Company to replace all mechanisms and structures which were not new in 1961, and to reposition all divisions for maximum sound projection. New ranks of pipes were added to fill out the tonal scheme, leather components were replaced with a newly developed synthetic ("Perflex" – soon replaced at great expense by Aeolian-Skinner), and a duplicate console for the gallery was built to allow maximum flexibility. All portions of the instrument that were new in 1961 were retained, as were many fine ranks of the Skinner Organ and the Erben Pedal principal. These old Erben pipes were removed from the main case and placed against the chamber wall to allow better sound projection.

The instrument was tonally finished by Donald Gillett, President and Tonal Director of the Aeolian-Skinner Organ Company.

The organ was dedicated on September 29, 1970, with a recital by Alec Wyton, Organist and Master of the Choristers at the Cathedral Church of St. John the Divine. A series of inaugural recitals continued over the next several months. Mr. Wyton's program was:

Prelude in B Minor (BWV 544) Johann Sebastian Bach
Pieces for Organ and Electronic Tape Richard Felciano
Two Schübler Chorales Johann Sebastian Bach
     Meine Seele erhebt den Herren (BWV 648)
     Ach bleib bei uns, Herr Jesu Christ (BWV 649) 		 
Volumina (1966) György Ligeti
Fugue in B Minor (BWV 544) Johann Sebastian Bach
Toccata: Gladius Domini, Opus 55 (1969) Peter Racine Fricker
     Gladius Domini super terram
     cito et velociter—Savonarola 		 
               
GALLERY ORGAN
               
Great Organ (Manual II) – 61 notes (3-3/4" pressure)
16
  Violone
61
2 2/3
   Twelfth
61
8
  Principal
61
2
  Superoctave
61
8
  Rohrbordun
61
2
  Blockflöte
61
8
  Flute Harmonique
61
 
  Fourniture IV-V ranks
281
8
   Erzähler
61
  Cymbale III ranks
183
4
   Principal
61
16
   Sub Trumpet
61
4
   Koppelflöte
61
8
  Trumpet
61
 
     
 
     
Swell Organ (Manual III) – 61 notes, enclosed (5" pressure)
16
  Lieblich Gedeckt
61
 
  Plein Jeu IV-V ranks
275
8
  Principal
61
 
  Cymbale II-IV ranks
208
8
  Gedeckt
61
16
  Hautbois
61
8
  Salicional
61
8
   Trompette
61
8
  Voix Celeste
61
8
  Hautbois [ext.]
12
8
  Flute Celeste II ranks
110
8
  Menschenstimme
61
4
  Octave
61
4
   Clairon
61
4
  Flute Harmonique
61
  Tremulant  
2
  Octavin
61
 
  Swell 16'  
    Cornett III ranks
183
     Swell 4'  
 
     
 
     
Choir Organ (Manual I) – 61 notes, enclosed (5" pressure)
8
  Spitzgamba
61
2
  Blockflöte
61
8
  Rohrflöte
61
1 3/5
  Tierce
61
4
  Principal
61
 
  Mixture IV ranks
244
4
  Nachthorn
61
 
  Tremulant [also effects enc. Bombarde]
2 2/3
  Nasat
61
 
     
 
     
 
     
Positiv Organ (Manual I) – 56 notes (3" pressure)
16
  Quintaden
56
4/5
   Terz
56
8
  Prästant
56
 
  Mixture IV ranks
224
8
  Singendgedeckt
56
 
  Zimbel III ranks
168
4
  Principal
56
16
  Rankett
56
4
  Spitzflöte
56
8
  Krummhorn
56
2
  Principal
56
4
  Rohrschalmei
56
1 1/3
  Larigot
56
 
  Tremulant  
1
   Principal
56
 
  Positiv Unison Off  
 
     
 
     
Bombarde Organ (Manual IV) – 61 notes, partially enclosed with Choir (5" pressure)
  Enclosed
  Unenclosed
8
   Gamba *
61
  Grand Fourniture V-VIII ranks
418
8
  Gamba Celeste *
61
  Cornet de Récit V ranks [TG]
205
8
  Flute *
61
16
   Bombarde
61
8
  Clarinet *
61
8
   Trompette
61
 
* enclosed with Choir (when engaged, these stops transfer to Choir manual)
4
   Clairon
61
 
 
8 
  Trompette Harmonique +
61
 
     
 
 
+ horizontal, 22-3/8" pressure
Pedal Organ – 32 notes (5" pressure)
32
  Violone [ext. GT]
12
2
  Flachflöte
32
32
  Untersatz [ext. 16' Bourdon]
12
 
  Gross Sesquialtera II ranks
64
16
  Principal
32
 
  Fourniture III ranks
96
16
  Major Bass [Erben]
32
 
  Scharf III ranks
96
16
  Bourdon
32
32
  Contre Bombarde [ext.]
12
16
  Violone
GT
16
  Bombarde
32
16
  Lieblich Gedeckt
SW
16
  Hautbois
SW
8
  Principal
32
8
  Trompette
32
8
  Spitzflöte
32
8
  Hautbois
SW
8
  Gedeckt
32
4
  Clairon [ext.]
12
4
  Octave
32
4
  Rohrschalmei
POS
4
  Blockflöte
32
 
     
 
     
 
     
CHANCEL ORGAN
 
     
 
     
Hauptwerk (Manual II) – 61 notes (3-3/4" pressure)
16
  Quintade
61
2
   Waldflöte
61
8
  Montre
61
  Mixture IV ranks
244
8
  Bordun
61
  Hauptwerk Unison Off
4
   Praestant
61
        
 
     
 
     
Récit (Manual III) – 61 notes, enclosed (4-1/2" pressure)
8
  Viole de Gambe
61
16
  Cromorne
61
8
  Viole Céleste
61
8
   Hautbois
61
8
  Flûte á Cheminée
61
4
   Trompette
61
4
   Principal Conique
61
  Tremulant
4
  Flûte Harmonique
61
  Récit 16'  
2
   Gemshorn
61
 
  Récit Unison Off  
    Cymbale III-IV ranks
269
     Récit 4'  
 
     
 
     
Brustwerk (Manual I) – 61 notes (3" pressure)
8
  Quintadena
61
  Zimbel III-IV ranks
208
4
  Rohrflöte
61
 
  Brustwerk Unison Off
2
   Octave
61
        
 
     
 
     
Pedal Organ – 32 notes (3-3/4" pressure)
16
  Bourdon
32
4
  Choral Bass
32
16
  Quintaton
HW
  Mixture IV ranks
128
8
  Principal
32
16
   Cromorne
RÉC
8
  Gedeckt
32
8
   Cromorne
RÉC
             
Aeolian-Skinner Organ Company, Inc.
Boston, Mass. – Opus 408-A, B, and C (1958)
Electro-pneumatic action
4 manual drawknob console in Chancel
73 stops, 90 ranks – Gallery
28 stops, 30 ranks – Chancel
101 stops, 120 ranks – Total


In 1958, the Aeolian-Skinner Organ Company of Boston was contracted to tonally rebuild the 1923 Skinner organ (Op. 408-A), install a new four-manual drawknob console in the chancel (Op. 408-B), and add a Brustwerk division in the chancel (Op. 408-C). Aeolian-Skinner retained the 1923 Skinner windchests but added a new chest for the new Positiv division behind the lower case pipes on the floor of the choir gallery; these pipes had previously been merely decorative. When completed in 1961, the organ contained seventy-five percent new pipe work. The specifications that follow are from the Aeolian-Skinner Shop Notes, with annotations by Allen Kinzey and Larry Trupiano.
               
NAVE ORGAN
               
Great Organ (Manual II) – 61 notes (3-3/4" pressure)
16
  Violone (25-61 +)
61
2
   Super Octave +
61
8
  Principal +
61
2
   Blockflöte
61
8
  Rohrbordun +
61
  Fourniture IV-V ranks +
281
8
  Erzähler
61
  Cymbale III ranks +
183
4
   Principal +
61
  Cornet de Récit V ranks +
210
4
   Koppelflöte +
61
       (from TG; 2½" wind)
2 2/3
   Twelfth
61
8
   Rohr Schalmei
POS
 
     
 
     
Swell Organ (Manual III) – 61 notes, enclosed (5" pressure)
16
  Lieblich Gedackt
68
  Plein Jeu III-V ranks +
257
8
  Prinzipal +
68
 
  Cymbale II-III ranks +
165
8
  Gedeckt
68
16
   Hautbois +
68
8
  Salicional (13-68 +)
68
8
   Trompette +
68
8
  Voix Céleste (13-68 +)
68
8
  Menschenstimme
68
8
  Flûte Céleste II ranks
124
4
   Clairon +
68
4
  Octave +
68
  Tremulant  
4
  Flûte Harmonique
68
 
Swell to Swell 16'
 
2
   Octavin
61
     Swell Unison Off  
    Cornet III ranks
183
     Swell to Swell 4'  
 
     
 
     
Choir Organ (Manual I) – 61 notes, enclosed (5" pressure)
8
 
Spitzgamba
preparation
8
   English Horn
61
8
  Chimney Flute
61
4
   Chalumeau
61
4
  Nachthorn +
61
    Tremulant  
4
  
Nasonflöte
preparation
    Blank knob  
2 2/3
   Spitznasat
61
   
Choir to Choir 16'
 
2
   Principal +
61
     Choir Unison Off  
    Mixtur IV ranks
244
     Choir to Choir 4'  
 
     
 
     
Positiv Organ (floating) – 56 notes (2-1/2" pressure)
8
   Praestant
56
1
   Principal
56
8
  Singend Gedeckt
56
4/5
  Oktav Terz
56
4
   Spitzprincipal
56
  Zimbel III ranks
168
2
   Gemshorn
56
8
  Rohrschalmei
56
1 1/3
  Larigot
56
  Tremulant  
 
     
 
     
Solo Organ (Manual IV) – 61 notes, enclosed (10" pressure)
8
  Flute
61
8
   Tuba
61
8
  Gamba
61
8
   Trompette Harmonique +
61
8
  Gamba Celeste
61
4
   Clarion
61
4
   Octave
61
  Tremulant  
16
   Ophicleide
61
 
     
 
     
 
     
Pedal Organ – 32 notes (5", 5-1/2", 5-3/4" pressures)
32
  Untersatz (1-12 electronic)
—
2
  Blockflöte [ext.] **
12
32
  Violone (1-12 electronic
—
  Mixture III ranks
96
16
  Principal [Erben façade]
32
  Scharf III ranks +
96
16
  Violone
GT
 
  Sesquialtera II ranks +
64
16
  Bourdon [Roosevelt]
32
32
  Contre Bombarde + [3/4 length]
12
16
  Lieblich Gedackt
SW
16
   Bombarde +
32
8
   Principal +
32
16
  Hautbois
SW
8
  Spitzflöte +
32
8
   Trompette [ext.] +
12
8
  Gedeckt [ext.]
12
4
   Clairon [ext.] +
12
4
   Octave [ext.]
12
4
  Rohrschalmei
POS
4
   Blockflöte **
32
      
 
CHANCEL ORGAN
 
     
 
     
Hauptwerk Organ (Manual II) – 61 notes (3-3/4" pressure)
16
   Quintade
61
 4
  Praestant
61
8
  Montre
61
2
   Waldflöte
61
8
  Bordun
61
 
  Mixture II ranks
122
 
     
 
     
Récit Organ (Manual III) – 61 notes, enclosed (4-1/2" pressure)
8
   Flute à Cheminée
61
16
   Cromorne
61
8
  Viole de Gambe
61
8
   Hautbois
61
8
  Viole Céleste [TC]
61
4
   Trompete
61
4
   Spitzprinzipal
61
     Tremulant  
4
   Flûte Harmonique
61
     Récit to Récit 16'  
2
   Blockflöte
61
 
  Récit Unison Off  
    Plein Jeu III ranks
183
     Récit to Récit 4'  
 
     
 
     
Brustwerk Organ (Manual I) – 61 notes (3" pressure)
8
  Quintadena
61
2
   Lieblich Prinzipal
61
4
   Rohrflöte
61
 
  Zimbel II ranks
122
 
     
 
     
Pedal Organ – 32 notes
16
  Bourdon
32
2
   Oktav
32
16
  Quintaton
HW
     Scharf II ranks
64
8
   Gedackt
32
16
   Cromorne
RÉC
4
   Choral Bass
32
8
   Cromorne
RÉC
               
           
+ added as Op. 408-A (1958)
           
** added as work order A-769 (1961)
Couplers (tablets)
    Nave Great to Pedal 8'   Nave Solo to Choir 8', 4'
    Nave Swell to Pedal 8', 4'   Nave Positiv to Choir
    Nave Choir to Pedal 8', 4'   Chancel Hauptwerk to Pedal 8'
    Nave Solo to Pedal 8', 4'   Chancel Récit to Pedal 8', 4'
    Nave Positiv to Pedal 8'   Chancel Brustwerk to Pedal 8'
    Nave Swell to Great 16', 8', 4'   Chancel Récit to Hauptwerk 16', 8', 4'
    Nave Choir to Great 16', 8', 4'   Chancel Brustwerk to Hauptwerk 8'
    Nave Solo to Great 8', 4'   Chancel Récit to Brustwerk 16', 8', 4'
    Nave Positiv to Great    
    Nave Swell to Choir 16', 8', 4'   Great/Choir Transfer (with ind. light)
               
Reversibles
    Nave Great to Pedal (toe & thumb)   Hauptwerk to Pedal (toe & thumb)
    Nave Swell to Pedal (toe & thumb)   Récit to Pedal (toe & thumb)
    Nave Choir to Pedal (toe & thumb)   Brustwerk to Pedal (toe & thumb)
    Nave Solo to Pedal (toe & thumb)   Chancel Off (toe & thumb)
    Nave Positiv to Pedal (toe & thumb)   Nave Off (toe & thumb)
               
Adjustable Combinations
   
Nave Great Pistons 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8 (thumb)
Nave Swell Pistons 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8 (thumb)
Nave Choir & Positiv Pistons 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8 (thumb)
Nave Solo Pistons 1-2-3-4-5 (thumb)
Nave Pedal Pistons 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8 (thumb)
Chancel Hauptwerk Pistons 1-2-3-4 (thumb)
Chancel Récit Pistons 1-2-3-4-5 (thumb)
Chancel Brustwerk Pistons 1-2-3-4 (thumb)
Chancel Pedal Pistons 1-2-3-4 (thumb)
Chancel General Pistons 1-2-3-4 (thumb & toe)
Master Pistons 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12 (thumb & toe)
  General Cancel (thumb)
  Setter (thumb)
               
Mechanicals
    Ensembles I, II, III – blind combinations (thumb & toe) with indicator lights
    Nave Swell Expression Pedal
    Chancel Récit Expression Pedal
    Nave Choir Expression Pedal
    Nave Solo Expression Pedal
    Nave Crescendo Pedal (with indicator light)
    Chancel Crescendo Pedal (with indicator light)
    32' Violone Reversible (toe)
    32' Bourdon Reversible (toe) [Untersatz]
    32' Bombarde Reversible (toe)
    All Swells (thumb) with indicator light
    Nave Choir shoe to Nave Solo shoe (toe pedal over Solo shoe)
             
  Console of Skinner organ, Op. 408 (1923).
   
  Console of Skinner organ, Op. 408 (1923). Wurts Bros. (New York, N.Y.)
  Wurts Bros. (New York, N.Y.)
Skinner Organ Company
Boston, Mass. – Opus 408 (1923); rev. (1928)
Electro-pneumatic action
4 manual drawknob console in Chancel
55 stops, 52 ranks – Gallery
24 stops, 23 ranks – Chancel
79 stops, 75 ranks – Total






Dr. Channing Lefebvre at console of Skinner organ, Op. 408 (1923) formerly at Trinity Church Wall Street - New York City  
Dr. Channing Lefebvre
at the Skinner console
 
In early 1923, Trinity Church commissioned the Skinner Organ Company of Boston to build an entirely new organ. The Articles of Agreement (Mar. 15, 1923) show that Skinner would build a double organ with divisions in the gallery and chancel, all controlled by a four-manual drawknob console in the chancel, for a consideration of $42,000. While the organ was being constructed, the church Comptroller wrote (Jan. 15, 1924) to Skinner, authorizing the addition of a harp stop at a cost of $1,085. Skinner's Nave Organ retained several Erben stops — the 32' Open Wood, the Great Mixture III and the Swell Mixture V — and was installed behind the notable Upjohn case. The Chancel Organ was placed in the chamber behind the Labagh case on the right side of the chancel. The console and chancel divisions were ready for use by November 1, 1923, and the gallery divisions were completed for the dedication, on March 10, 1924, by the Rt. Rev. William T. Manning, Bishop of New York and former Rector of Trinity Parish. Music for the dedication was provided by Trinity's Choir, under the direction of Dr. Channing Lefebvre, and the choir of the Cathedral of St. John the Divine, Dr. Miles Farrow, organist. The New York Times (Mar. 11, 1924) reported:
"The press was so great in the crowd that gathered to attend the dedication of the new double organ in Trinity Church last evening that one woman fainted and several had to be taken out of the church. Hundreds were unable to get seats and the police were obliged to close the gates and turn about 500 away. The recital that featured the exercises was broadcast by Station WJZ and it was estimated that many thousands of music lovers 'listened in.' "
On March 1, 1924, Ernest Skinner embarked on his second trip to Europe, staying the first fifteen days in England. There he met with Henry Willis III, grandson of "Father Willis", who showed him many organs, most of them built by the Willis firm. Skinner was interested in the diapason chorus and was greatly impressed with the ensemble build-up on the Great divisions, and in particular the boldly scaled mixtures. Subsequently, Willis agreed to provide the scaling of some of his firm's mixtures and some flue-work in exchange for details and blueprints of Skinner's combination action. Skinner then went on to Paris, France, where Joseph Bonnet demonstrated the mutations at St. Eustache, and Marcel Dupré tutored Skinner in the use of mutations in French organs. Upon returning to the United States, Skinner reworked his diapason choruses in all organs, and included the "Willis-type" mixture in all large instruments. He would apply this new knowledge to his 1924 organ at Trinity Church, when, on Dec. 27, 1928, Trinity Church signed an Agreement in which Skinner would "complete" the 1924 organ for a consideration of $4,790. The scope of this work (which did not receive an opus number) included the following items, along with addition of chests, wind conductors, and drawstop knobs as necessary:
 
Gallery Organ
Great
1.
 Add new Mixture (V Ranks) 8-12-15-19-22 (305 pipes) complete with electric chest.
 
2.
 Insert new Harmonics (III Ranks) 17-19-22 (183 pipes) on main chest in place of old pipes.
Swell
3.
 Add Bourdon 16' (73 pipes) complete with electric chest and also derive same to play from the Pedal organ as Echo Lieblich.
 
4.
 Re-regulate Swell Cornopean and Clarion to make more brilliant.
 
5.
 Insert new Chorus Mixture (V Ranks) 15-19-22-26-29 (305 pipes) in place of old pipes.
Choir
6.
 Insert 8' Gamba (73 pipes) complete with new electric chest.
Solo
7.
 Add 8' Flugel Horn (61 pipes) with electric chest.
Pedal
8.
 Add 16' Gamba (32 pipes) included electric chest for same.
               
NAVE ORGAN
               
Great Organ (Manual II) – 61 notes
16
  Diapason
61
4
  Flute
61
8
  First Diapason
61
2
   Fifteenth
61
8
  Second Diapason
61
  Mixture V rks *
305
8
  Erzahler
61
  Harmonics III ranks **
183
8
  Claribel Flute
61
8
  Tromba
61
4
   Octave
61
    
* added in 1928
   
   
** replaced Mixture III ranks in 1928
Swell Organ (Manual III) – 61 notes, enclosed
16
   Bourdon [added 1928]
73
 2
  Flautino
61
8
  Diapason
73
 
   Chorus Mixture V +
305
8
  Clarabella
73
16
   Trumpet
73
8
  Salicional
73
8
  Cornopean
73
8
  Voix Celestes
73
8
   Oboe
73
8
   Flute Celeste II ranks
134
4
   Clarion
73
4
  Flute
73
8
   Vox Humana
73
4
   Octave
73
 
  Tremolo  
 
     
+ replaced Mixture III ranks [15-17-19] in 1928
Choir Organ (Manual I) – 61 notes, enclosed
8
  Diapason
61
2 2/3
   Nazard
61
8
  Chimney Flute
61
2
   Piccolo
61
8
   Gamba [added 1928]
61
8
  English Horn
61
4
  Flute
61
 
  Tremolo  
 
     
 
     
Solo Organ (Manual IV) – 61 notes, enclosed
8
  Gamba
73
8
  Tuba ["very big 20 or 25" press."]
73
8
  Gamba Celeste
73
8
  French Horn
73
8
  Flute
73
8
   Flugel Horn [added 1928]
73
16
  Ophecleide
73
4
   Clarion
73
8
  Tuba Mirabilis
73
 
  Tremolo  
 
     
 
     
Pedal Organ – 32 notes – "Augmented"
32
  Diapason [Erben]
12
8
   Gedeckt [fr. 16' Bdn.]
—
16
  Diapason [unit]
44
4
   Flute [fr. 16' Bdn.]
—
16
  Diapason
GT
32
   Bombarde [unit]
68
16
  Bourdon [unit]
56
16
  Trombone [fr. 32' Bomb.]
—
16
   Echo Lieblich [added 1928]
SW
16
   Posaune
SW
16
   Gamba [added 1928]
32
8
  Tromba [fr. 32' Bomb.]
—
8
  Octave [fr. 16' Diap.]
—
4
 

Clarion [fr. 32' Bomb.]
—
 
     
 
     
CHANCEL ORGAN
 
     
 
     
Great Organ (Manual II) – 61 notes
8
  First Diapason
61
 4
  Octave
61
8
  Second Diapason
61
4
  Flute
61
8
  Wald Flote
61
 
     
 
     
 
     
Swell Organ (Manual III) – 61 notes, enclosed
16
   Bourdon
73
4
  Flute
73
8
  Diapason
73
  Mixture III ranks
183
8
  Salicional
73
8
  Cornopean
73
8
  Gedeckt
73
8
   Corno d'Amore
73
8
  Aeoline
73
    Tremolo  
8
  Unda Maris
73
 
     
 
     
 
     
Choir Organ (Manual I) – 61 notes, enclosed
8
  Dulciana ["Large Scale"]
61
8
  Clarinet
61
8
  Melodia
61
 
  Tremolo  
4
  Flute
61
 
     
 
     
 
     
Pedal Organ – 32 notes – "Augmented"
16
  Sub Bass [unit]
44
8
  Octave [ext.]
—
16
  Bourdon
32
8
  Still Gedeckt
SW
16
  Echo Lieblich
SW
       
               
Couplers
    Gallery    
   
Swell to Pedal 8', 4' )  
Great to Pedal 8' ) "Pedal Couplers affect organ in use singly or collectively."
Choir to Pedal 8' )
Solo to Pedal 8', 4' )  
    Swell to Great 16', 8', 4'   Choir to Choir 16', 4'
    Choir to Great 16', 8', 4'   Solo to Solo 16', 4'
    Solo to Great 16', 8', 4'   Chancel
    Swell to Choir 8', 4'   Swell to Great 16', 8', 4'
    Solo to Choir 8'   Choir to Great 16', 8', 4'
    Solo to Swell 8'   Swell to Choir 8'
    Swell to Swell 16', 4'   Swell to Swell 16', 4'
         
Combinations – "Adjustable at the console and visibly operating draw stop knobs"
   
Gallery Solo Pistons 1-2-3-4
Gallery Swell Pistons 1-2-3-4-5-6
Gallery Great Pistons 1-2-3-4-5
Gallery Choir Pistons 1-2-3-4
Gallery Pedal Pistons 1-2-3-4-5
General Pistons 1-2-3
Chancel Swell Pistons 1-2-3-4
Chancel Great Pistons 1-2-3
Chancel Choir Pistons 1-2-3
Chancel Pedal Pistons 1-2
General Cancel Piston
         
Mechanicals
    Chancel Swell Expression   16' Manual Stops Off Reversible
    Gallery Swell Expression   All Swells to Swell (toe)
    Gallery Choir Expression   32' Bombarde Reversible (toe)
    Gallery Solo Expression   32' Diapason Reversible (toe)
    Gallery Crescendo Pedal    
    Chancel Crescendo Pedal   Chancel On / Gallery Off (toe)
    Great to Pedal Reversible (toe)   Both (toe)
    Swell to Pedal Reversible (toe)   Gallery On / Chancel Off (toe)
             
  Console of Hook & Hastings organ, Op. 2168 (1907) formerly in gallery of Trinity Church Wall Street - New York City
Gallery Organ:

Hook & Hastings Co.
Boston, Mass. – Opus 2168 (1907)
Electro-pneumatic action
4 manuals, 56 stops


The Henry Erben console was rebuilt in 1907 by Hook & Hastings of Boston. New drawstops were added, but the differing length keyboards were retained.
             
  Case of Hook & Hastings organ, Op. 1923 (1901) in the Chancel of Trinity Church, Wall Street - New York City
Chancel Organ:

Hook & Hastings Co.
Boston, Mass. – Opus 1923 (1901)
Electro-pneumatic action
3 manuals, 20 stops, 26 ranks


In 1901 Hook & Hastings installed a new organ and case in the chancel, resusing some parts from the previous 1864 Hall & Labagh organ. This organ lasted only 22 years. The following specification was recorded by Lynnwood Farnam (1885-1930), noted concert organist of the early 20th century, in one of his "Organ Notebooks." Farnam included these comments:
                                        Very poor organ
                                        Wretched reeds.

According to organ historian Jim Stettner of Seattle, when this organ was replaced by a new Skinner organ in 1923, organ builder William W. Laws acquired at least the Swell division and installed it on its original chests as the Swell division for Calvary Baptist Church, Lawrence, Mass.
                 
Great Organ (Manual II) – 61 notes
8
   Open Diapason
61
  
4
   Flute
61
8
   Gamba
61
  
2
   Fifteenth
61
8
   Melodia
61
  
8
   Trumpet
61
4
   Principal
61
          
                 
Swell Organ (Manual III) – 61 notes, enclosed
16
   Bourdon Bass
12
  
4
   Flute Harmonique
61
16
   Bourdon Treble [TC]
49
  
4
   Violina
61
8
   Open Diapason
61
       Dolce Cornet, 3 ranks
183
8
   Salicional
61
  
8
   Cornopean
61
8
   Dolce
61
  
8
   Oboe
61
8
   Stopped Diapason
61
       Tremulant  
                 
Choir Organ (Manual I) – 61 notes
8
   Geigen Principal
61
  
8
   Viole d'Amour
61
8
   Hohl Flute
61
  
4
   Flute
61
                 
Pedal Organ – 32 notes
16
   Sub Bass
32
  
8
   Violoncello
32
8
   Open Diapason
32
          
                 
Couplers
    Swell to Pedal         Swell to Great 16, 8, 4  
    Great to Pedal         Choir to Great 16, 8, 4  
    Choir to Pedal         Swell to Choir 8  
    Pedal to Pedal 4'            
                 
Accessories
    3 pistons to Swell & Pedal   General release
    3 pistons to Great & Pedal   Great to Pedal reversible
    2 pistons to Choir & Pedal   Combination adjuster pedal
             
Chancel Organ:

Hall & Labagh
New York City (1864)
Mechanical action
2 manuals, 15 stops, 17 ranks


This organ was installed in the chancel to accompany the choir.
               
Great (Manual I) – 65 notes (CC-e4)
8
   Open Diapason
65
4
   Principal
65
8
   Melodia [st. basses]
65
2
   Fifteenth
65
8
   Gamba
65
8
   Trumpet
65
4
   Flute
65
        
               
Swell Organ (Manual II) – 42 notes (c-f3), enclosed
16
   Bordun [from c]
42
4
   Principal
42
8
   Open Diapason
42
     Cornet, 3 ranks
126
8
   Dulciana
42
8
   Oboe
42
               
Pedal – 29 notes (CC-e)
16
   Bordun
29
        
8
   Violoncello
29
        
             
  1896 watercolor of Erben case at Trinity Church - New York City (American Architect and Building News, May 23, 1896)
 
1896 watercolor of Erben case
Henry Erben
New York City (1846)
As revised and enlarged by Hilborne L. Roosevelt (1885)
and J.H. & C.S. Odell (1889)
Mechanical and pneumatic key and stop action
4 manuals, 37 stops, 45 ranks


Organ console revised by Hilborne Roosevelt (1885) at Trinity Church Wall Street - New York City  
1885 console (rev. by Roosevelt)
 
In 1885, Hilborne L. Roosevelt was contracted to provide new keyboards and keys. Roosevelt also changed the drawknob panels to a diagonal position, and the stops were made to draw toward the performer. Pneumatic action was applied to the Great Organ, keys and couplers, and seven combination pedals were added: 3 for the Great, 2 for the Swell, and 2 for the Pedal. In 1889, J.H. & C.S. Odell installed a C. and C. electric motor of 3 h.p. to the bellows. The Odells also supplied new pipes for most of the reeds.
             
Great Organ (Manual II) – 66 notes (CCC-f3)
8
  Open Diapason (larger)  
3
  Twelfth
8
  Open Diapason (smaller)  
2
  Fifteenth
8
  Stopped Diapason       Sesquialtera, 3 ranks
4
  Principal (larger)       Mixture, 3 ranks
4
  Principal (smaller)  
8
  Trumpet
4
  Flute  
4
  Clarion
             
Swell Organ (Manual III) – 78 keys (CCC-f3)
16
  Bordun       Swell Bass [outside the box]
8
  Dulciana  
8
  Dulciana
8
  Open Diapason  
8
  Serpent
8
  Stopped Diapason        
4
  Principal        
    Cornet, 5 ranks        
8
  Oboe        
8
  Trumpet        
8
  Vox Humana        
             
Choir Organ (Manual I) – 66 keys (CCC-f3), 54 pipes [lowest octave silent]
8
  Stopped Diapason  
4
  Flute
8
  Dulciana  
2
  Fifteenth
4
  Principal  
8
  Clarinet and Bassoon
             
Solo Organ (Manual IV) – 54 notes (CC-f3)
16
  Æoline  
4
  Harmonic Flute
8
  Horn Diapason  
8
  Cornopean
8
  Melodia  
4
  Clarion
8
  Gamba        
             
Pedal Organ – 30 notes (CCC-f), 42 pipes
32
  Open Diapason        
             
  Organ Loft (Geo. Gibbons Engraving 1882) - Trinity Church Wall Street - New York City
  Engraving of Organ Loft published in Harper's Weekly, January 1882
Henry Erben
New York City (1846)
Mechanical action
3 manuals, 31 stops, 39 ranks
(original specification)


In 1846, Henry Erben built a monumental organ for the new Trinity Church in conjunction with Dr. Edward Hodges, organist and choirmaster. The total cost was $10,501.72. Over the next three decades, Erben maintained and made changes to the organ. In 1866, Erben was paid $3000 to clean and tune the pipes, reduce the size of the lower octave of pedal pipes (which had been unsuccessful), install a 30-note pedalboard along with additional pipes, straighten the Choir organ box, and install a new Solo Organ. The new Solo division consisted of an Æolina (16), Horn Diapason, Melodia, Gamba, and Harmonic Flute (4).

Without consulting the vestry, Erben decided to raise the pitch of the organ in 1868; after discussion, Erben was allowed to proceed with his plan, and was paid another $3000. In 1874, Erben installed a new 8' Cornopean in the Solo, moved the Swell 4' Clarion to the Solo, added a Vox Humana where the Swell Clarion had been, added a Tremulant on the Swell, revoiced the Swell Bass Serpent and added new tongues, and revoiced the Great Diapasons and Principals.
             
Great Organ – 66 notes (CC-f3, 5½ octaves)
    Open Diapason, larger       Twelfth
    Open Diapason, smaller       Fifteenth
    Stopt Diapason       Sesquialtera, 3 ranks
    Flute       Fourniture, 3 ranks
    Principal, larger       Trumpet
    Principal, smaller       Clarion
             
Swell Organ – 42 notes (c-f3, 2 octaves)
    Stopt Double Diapason       Cornet, 5 ranks
    Open Diapason       Hautboy
    Stopt Diapason       Trumpet
    Dulciana       Clarion
    Principal        
             
Swell Bass – 25 notes (CC-c, 2 octaves, the upper C connected with Pedals only)
    Dulciana        
    Serpent        
             
Choir Organ – 66 keys (C-f3, 4½ octaves, the lowest octave with no pipes, permanently coupled to Swell Bass)
    Dulciana       Fifteenth
    Stopt Diapason       Clarionet treble
    Principal       Bassoon bass
    Flute        
             
Pedal – 25 notes (CC-c, 2 octaves)
32
   Open Double Diapason (wood)        
16
   Open Double Diapason (wood)        
             
Couplers
    Great to Pedal, unison       Choir to Great
    Great to Pedal, ocatave       Swell to Choir, unison
    Swell to Pedal       Swell to Choir, octave
    Choir to Pedal       Pedal, unison
    Swell to Great, unison       Pedal, octaves
    Swell to Great, octave        
             

Henry Holland
London, England (1791)
Mechanical action
3 manuals, 18 stops, 25 ranks


In 1791, an organ built by Henry Holland of London was installed in the second (1790-1839) Trinity Church. An article in The Lyre (Oct. 1, 1824) describes the organ and gives the stoplist below.

This organ is curiously constructed, the choir organ being made in part to serve for the fundamental parts of the great organ by means of a communication [coupler] between the two rows of keys; the great organ pressing down the keys of the choir, and the choir left to act for itself. This organ was built by Mr. Holland, of London, in the year 1791, and in point of tone ranks very high. The height is about 22 feet, width 13 feet, and depth 9 feet. Compass F in alt to GG."

Another description of the Holland organ is found in A History of the Choir and Music of Trinity Church (New York: 1906) by Arthur Henry Messiter (1834-1916), who was director of music at Trinity Church from 1866-1897. Although Messiter never played the organ, he wrote: "The tone was miserably weak and thin, the pipe scales being very small, especially in the bass." Messiter gave the dimensions of the organ case as 30 feet high, 14 wide, and 10 deep. He also wrote that the organ did not receive adequate care during its service at Trinity.

By 1839, the building showed signs of structural weakness and was razed. The Holland organ was moved to the German Reformed Church on Norfolk Street.
               
Great Organ – 58 notes (GG, AA–f3)
Open Diapason
58
  Sesquialtra, 3 ranks
174
Open Diapason to gamut G
46
  Cornet, 4 ranks
232
Night Horn
58
  Trumpet
58
Fifteenth
58
     
       
Swell Organ – 35 notes (Tenor G to F)
  Open Diapason
35
  Cornet [3 ranks?]
?
  Stop Diapason
35
  Trumpet
35
  Principal
35
  Hautboy
35
             
Choir Organ – 58 notes (GG, AA–f3) – permanently coupled to Great
  Stop Diapason
58
  Flute
58
  Dulceano
58
  Cremona
58
  Principal
58
     
             
John Snetzler
London, England (1764)
Mechanical action
3 manuals, 25 stops, 36 ranks


The second organ in the original Trinity Church was built in 1764 by John Snetzler of London, and installed in the gallery. Both the organ and church were destroyed by fire in 1776. No exact specification of this organ is known to exist.
               
Great Organ – 57 notes
    Open Metal Diapason
57
    Tierce
57
    Open Metal Diapason [smaller]
57
    Sesquialtera, 4 ranks
228
    Stopped Diapason
57
     Cornet, 5 ranks [treble]
145
    Principal
57
    Fourniture, 3 ranks
171
    Twelfth
57
    Trompette
57
    Fifteenth
57
    Clarion
57
               
Swell Organ – treble, from tenor g
    Open Metal Diapason
34
     Cornet, 3 ranks
102
    Stop Metal Diapason
34
     Trompette
34
    Principal
34
     Hautboy
34
               
Choir Organ – 57 notes
    Open Metal Diapason
57
     Fifteenth
57
    Stop Diapason
57
     Cromorne
57
    Principal
57
     Vox Humana
57
    Flute
57
        
             
John Klemm
Philadelphia, Penn. (1741)
Mechanical action
3 manuals, 26 stops


Although vestry records show that a committee was appointed in 1703 to confer with a "Mr. Henry Neering, Organ-maker, about making and Erecting an Organ in Trinity Church in New York. . .", no action was taken. In 1709, the Rev'd Vesey, rector, wrote to the Archbishop of Canterbury, expressing the need for an organ, but nothing came of this request.

Finally, in 1739, John Klemm of Philadelphia was commissioned to build the first organ for Trinity Church. Completed in 1741, this organ had three manuals and 26 stops. In January 1744, Klemm was contracted by the vestry to modify the organ; the agreement indicated that Klemm would "change three Treble Stops that are now in wood for Pewter if Required for the sum of fifteen pounds; and will also change the Trumpet stops for a Double Cornett for the sum of fifteen pounds and will make a Pedell compleat for the organ for the sum of twelve pounds if Required." Records show that in November 1744, Klemm replaced the Trumpet with a "Double Cornet Stop in Pewter," installed new bellows and made other repairs. In 1751, Klemm was contracted to clean and repair the organ, and "to compleat the Cornet and Sesqui alto stops formerly made by him.

Apparently, this organ was not successful, perhaps due to unseasoned lumber or poorly prepared leather. On September 24, 1762, the vestry instructed the committee to sell the old organ "for the most they can gett," and had the organist, Mr. Harison, handle the negotiations. While we do not have an exact specification of this organ, a description appeared in this advertisement placed in The New-York Gazette (Nov. 15, 1762):
"Organ in Trinity Church—To be Sold by the Church-Wardens, the Organ in Trinity-Church. The Instrument is large, consisting of 26 Stops, 10 in the Great Organ, 10 in the Choir Organ, and 6 in the Swell, three Sets of Keys; with a Frontispiece of gilt Pipes, and otherwise neatly adorned. It may be inspected; will be sold cheap, and the Purchaser may remove it immediately, (another being expected from England next Spring) but if not disposed of, is, on the Arrival of the new Organ, intended to be shipt to England."
               
Sources:
     Aeolian-Skinner Archives web site: http://aeolianskinner.organsociety.org/Specs/Op00408.html
     Dolkart, Andrew S. and Matthew A. Postal. Guide to New York City Landmarks (Third Edition). New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2004.
     Dunlap, David. From Abyssinian to Zion: A Guide to Manhattan's Houses of Worship. New York: Columbia University Press, 2004.
     Holden, Dorothy. The Life and Work of Ernest M. Skinner. Richmond: The Organ Historical Society, 1987.
     Farnam, Lynnwood. "Organ Notebook," p.988 (specification of Hook & Hastings chancel organ, Op. 1901). John de Lancie Library, The Curtis Institute of Music, Philadelphia; Sally Branca, archivist. Courtesy Jonathan Bowen.
     Kinzey, Allen, and Sand Lawn, comps. E.M. Skinner/Aeolian-Skinner Opus List. New Rev. Ed. Richmond: The Organ Historical Society, 1997.
     The Lyre (Oct. 1, 1824). Stoplist of Henry Holland organ.
     Messiter, Arthur Henry. A History of the Choir and Music of Trinity Church, New York. New York: Edwin S. Gorham, 1906.
     Ochse, Orpha. The History of the Organ in the United States. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1975.
     Ogasapian, John. English Cathedral Music in New York: Edward Hodges of Trinity Church. Richmond: The Organ Historical Society, 1994.
     Ogasapian, John. Organ Building in New York City: 1700-1900. Braintree: The Organ Literature Foundation, 1977, p.192.
     "Some Early Organs in New York City Described Vividly," The Diapason, vol. 48, no. 7 (June 1957), p.16.
     Stettner, Jim. Electronic correspondence (May 13, 2013) regarding fate of Hook & Hastings organ, Op. 1923 (1901).
     "Stop, Open and Reed – a Periodical Presentation of Pipe Organ Progress". Boston: Skinner Organ Company, 1922-1927: Dr. Channing Lefebvre.
     "Trinity Church Pipe Organs – Historical Sketch and Stop list for the present instrument." New York: Trinity Church (c.1961). Courtesy Larry Trupiano.
     "Trinity Crowded At Organ Dedication," The New York Times (Mar. 11, 1924).
     Trupiano, Larry. Correspondence (Jan. 15, 1924) authorizing addition of Harp stop to Skinner Organ Company organ, Op. 408.
     Trupiano, Larry. Inaugural Recital program (Sept. 29, 1970) by Alec Wyton on Aeolian-Skinner Organ Co., organ, op. 408-D.
     Trupiano, Larry. Factory Contract (Mar. 15, 1923) and Specification of Skinner Organ Company organ, Op. 408.
     Trupiano, Larry. Factory Contract (Dec. 27, 1928) for 'completion' of Skinner Organ Company organ, Op. 408.
     Trupiano, Larry. Factory Specification (Nov. 18, 1960) of Aeolian-Skinner Organ Co. organ, Op. 408-A.
     Trupiano, Larry. Factory Specification (Feb. 14, 1969) of Aeolian-Skinner Organ Co. organ, Op. 408-D.


Illustrations:
     American Architect and Building News, (May 23, 1896). Watercolor of Erben case. Courtesy John Rust.
     Farnam, Lynnwood. Hook & Hastings chancel case (1901); gallery console (1907); Skinner console (1923). Courtesy Jonathan Bowen.
     Harper's Weekly, January 1882. Engraving of organ loft.
     Lawson, Steven E. Ruffatti console of Marshall & Ogletree organ; church interior.
     The Organ Historical Society. Console of Henry Erben organ.
     "Stop, Open and Reed – a Periodical Presentation of Pipe Organ Progress." Dr. Channing Lefebvre.
     Trupiano, Larry. Hilborne L. Roosevelt revised console (1885).
     Wurts Bros. (New York, N.Y.) c.1923-1945. Console of Skinner Organ Company organ, Op. 408 (1923). Collection of the Museum of the City of New York.